One of Munich's most famous landmarks is Karlsplatz/Stachus. During the Cold War, it was a centre of intelligence services. Nowhere else in the city was the density of espionage as high as there. Even a #KGB murder plot took place there. Here is an overview 👇1/8
1. #OrganisationGehlen (Org.) cover firm Gloria Film Verleih GmbH at Karlsplatz 7. For years, the cinema and film distribution company serves as a cover for operations and staff. The cinema Gloria Palast at Stachus still exists today 2/8
2. #Bundesnachrichtendienst BND cover agency Bundesstelle für Fernmeldestatistik - BFSt at Karlsplatz 7a at Stachus. Active in the 1970s. In most cases, the cover BFSt served the telecommunication-electronic surveillance centres. The office was relocated in the 1980s 3/8
3. BND transmitter in the north tower of the Frauenkirche. It was used by the former #BND surveillance unit QB30 during their secret work in the city until 2011. The transmitter was removed by the BND in 2018. 4/8
4. On 12 October 1957, Lev Rebet is found dead in the stairwell outside his office at Karlsplatz 8. A #KGB assassin spiked his face with prussic acid using a special weapon. Rebet was a leading member of the Ukrainian national movement in Munich 5/8
5. In 1968, the #CIA uses covert donations to found the Ukrainische Gesellschaft für Auslandsstudien e.V. at Karlsplatz 8. This was used to support Ukrainian emigrant organisations. A covert publishing house in New York and the office on Karlsplatz served this purpose 6/8
6. Sudetendeutsche Landsmannschaft Bayern e.V. am Karlsplatz 11. A displaced persons organisation controlled and enforced by the #OrganisationGehlen. These are displaced Germans from the Czech Republic. They were an important spying tool against the ČSR during the Cold War 7/8
7. During the 1950s, the #OrganisationGehlen front company Erich Eger & Co. was located on the last floor under the roof at Karlsplatz 11-12. The #CIA observed the facility. The US intel service was unable to find out the exact purpose of the secret ‚Empfangsbüro‘ 8/8
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The interception of enemy communications is an important element of China's espionage techniques. In recent years, Beijing has invested a lot of money in new #SIGINT stations around the world. China's ears are also growing in Europe 1/14
Almost 10 years ago, China opened a new Consulate General in Munich, Hofmannstraße 57. The largest of its kind in Europe. The equipment on the roof has also been expanded over the last 5 years. Security experts suspect #SIGINT activities behind this and more 2/14
Security experts suspect that one dish is used for #SIGINT operations. The other is used to transmit the collected data to China. Both dishes are located on rotating heads (racking rotor). Main targets are likely to be the Middle East and the African continent 3/14
Horst Schwirkmann died a year ago today. He was a long-time #Bundesnachrichtendienst staff member and an expert in radio defence (Funkabwehr). An absolute master of his trade. To this day he is the only officially known victim of a Soviet poison gas attack on a #BND employee 1/8
He survived but his recovery was long and painful. Moscow 1963, the West German embassy was extensively bugged by the #KGB. At the time Horst Schwirkmann was an electronics specialist at the #BND's Central Cipher Centre - Zentralstelle für das Chiffrierwesen (ZfCh) in Bonn 2/8
His job: to track down bugs and other hidden #KGB microphones. He quickly finds what he is looking for. The #BND bug sweeper uses a trick on the mass of microphones. He injects a very high voltage into the microphone cable 3/8
An inconspicuous water tower in the direct vicinity of the Soviet embassy in Bonn plays an important role in the #ColdWar. It was a secret listening post for years. Radio signals from the embassy were intercepted here 1/7
In 1975, the Soviet embassy moves to Viktorshöhe in Bonn. A new building is quickly erected on the site. USSR technicians rapidly expand the #SIGINT capacities on the buildings. The location on the hill is ideal for interception operations 2/7
The West German intel services, with the help of the US, are also very interested in information from the new embassy. The phone lines are tapped. The entrances to the embassy grounds are monitored with video cameras. Secret equipment is installed in the neighbouring houses 3/7
The current espionage case in the #Bundesnachrichtendienst shakes the NATO intelligence community. There could hardly be a worse time than now. The alleged spy is said to be a senior staff member from the top-secret #BND SIGINT division 1/9
The person works there in the evaluation department, according to media reports. On European soil, the #BND is one of the big players with its #SIGINT capacities. He is an important intelligence tool in the work against Russia in the Ukraine war 2/9
In view of the war in Ukraine, the current espionage case could turn into a disaster for the #BND. Partner services cut off the flow of information. Trust is gone. This is likely to paralyse the work of the BND for years - much to Moscow's advantage 3/9
#NATO headquarters, EU Commission and centre of important lobbying organisations. Brussels is a strategically important target for Russian espionage. But Moscow's embassy and two cultural facilities have another mission 1/7
The Russian Embassy in the Uccle district in Brussels is large. There are many buildings on the premises. The roof of a residential building and the main building are particularly eye-catching. 17 satellite dishes (red), different antennas (green) and 5 #sigint sheds (yellow) 2/7
The multi-storey residential building in particular stands out with its spy technology. Both buildings on Bing Maps Birdseye 3/7
#thread
Germany is an important spy target for Moscow. Russia also uses the country as a base for satellite espionage - the platform for this are diplomatic missions and a cultural centre. There are a few interesting details 1/12
Russian #SIGINT activities in Germany have increased significantly in the last decade. In the middle of Berlin, on the edge of the government district, surrounded by government administration buildings, lies the Russian Embassy 2/12
On the roof of the property you can see the classic HF "Cage dipole" as well as other receiving antennas bild.de/politik/inland… 3/12