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2/ Matriach Alphonsine Agatha Gantheaume was a French Creole whose maternal family were former slaves and paternal family were the largest landowners on the island. She raised their 4 children, endured her husband's long absences, and passed away relatively young around 48.

2/ Smuggling was not his main concern, but Vogel in both books showed how it was a serious problem in the 1980s. Economic reforms stimulated the illicit traffic in watches, TVs, stereos, VCRs, and even cars, depriving the government much-needed revenues and fostering corruption. 
2/ The war killed almost 40k Americans. At home, it stirred widespread anti-Communist fears and emboldened Republican critics of the Truman administration. It also led to the adoption of NSC-68, which dramatically expanded the US military and globalized containment strategy.

2/ My paper explores the local consequences of a global campaign. HK was ceded to UK in 1842 after the First Opium War and became an entrepôt for Chinese trade. By 1970s it remained a UK colony but transformed itself into a tourism center and a major exporter. 
2/ Beginning with the First Opium War (1839-42), the Qing dynasty during the 19th c. lost a series of wars to foreign powers. In the wake of defeat, it signed several “unequal treaties” that accorded many privileges to foreign powers and unfettered access to the China market.
2/ There are undoubtedly many ways to teach the #ColdWar. Most syllabi on @SHAFRhistorians and elsewhere tend to focus on US foreign relations or US and the world. But more are adopting new perspectives de-centering US-USSR rivalry and elite diplomacy. bit.ly/2K2P4Bd