Our work on B cell memory to Omicron + other variants is now online @CellCellPress

How does a 3rd shot of original mRNA vax work vs. variants? Does it increase the durability/quality of immune responses? What happens after a second boost? Key findings 👇

cell.com/cell/fulltext/… --- ANTIBODIES ---

Antibody levels stabilize somewhere between 6 and 9 months after primary vaccination

Antibody QUALITY (neutralization potency) continues to increase for 6+ months after primary vaccination

A 3rd dose supercharges the amount and quality of antibody response

How does original mRNA vax work for Omicron + other variants? Does a 3rd shot increase the durability and/or quality of immune response? What factors predict boosting, and what happens after a second boost?

Our latest on immune memory to SARS-CoV-2: biorxiv.org/content/10.110…. 🧵👇 We previously studied immune memory for 6 months after mRNA vax. In this study, we followed the same individuals out to ~9 months after primary 2-dose vaccination, as well as ~3 months after a 3rd (booster) dose

Antibodies come and go, but memory cells are forever (maybe not forever, but at least 6 months). Our latest in @ScienceMagazine: science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…

How long does immune memory last after #mRNA vax? Is it effective vs. variants? What about “boosted” responses?

Full 🧵⬇️... Antibodies are important for protection, but our immune system can also remember viruses through memory B and T cells

We measured all components of immune memory for 6 months after #mRNA vax. Vaccination in people w/ prior immunity also let us study "boosted" responses

How long does immune memory last after #mRNA vax?
Immunity vs. variants?
What happens when you “boost” w/ vaccine?

Our work on durability & evolution of memory responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: biorxiv.org/content/10.110…. Antibodies, memory B/T cells, & more. Full thread below 💉👨‍🔬 Lots of data here so I’ll only focus on the highlights. TLDR: immune memory looks great and improves over time (even against variants). Boosting existing immunity w/ vaccine significantly increases antibody in the short-term but w/o much effect on already durable memory B/T cells

Our paper on antibody & memory B cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 #mRNA vaccines is out @SciImmunology

- 1 vs. 2 doses?
- What about age & side effects?
- Relationships btw/ antibody & memory cells?

We look at all that & more... full #Tweetorial below 💉🧵

immunology.sciencemag.org/content/6/58/e… As others (including @florian_krammer @Daltmann10 etc) have shown, folks who have recovered from COVID only need 1 dose to get peak antibody responses to full-length spike protein and the RBD. People who are SARS-CoV-2 naive need 2 doses for optimal responses

Our study on #mRNA vax in #SARSCoV2 naive/recovered individuals is up on medRxiv! Massive team effort btw/ @EJohnWherry lab + others @Penn_IFI to profile both antibodies & antigen-specific memory B cells following 1st/2nd doses. bit.ly/3rlfhwO. Full tweetorial below 💉🧵 1) Consistent w/ what others (e.g. @florian_krammer) have shown: COVID-experienced folks don’t have an increase in antibodies after 2nd dose… clear benefit for people who are COVID-naive