A patient with heart failure that you have been following for the last five years no longer has a low EF. What changed ? What medications do you add/stop ?
(1/14)
EF = (EDV-ESV)/EDV or the percentage of EDV ejected by the LV. This volumetric analysis is performed by echocardiography. However in some cardiac diseases, the EF calculated can be falsely ⬆️/⬇️.
This can happen in which of the following conditions ?
2/n
First off, let’s talk about ESR physiology.
ESR is the rate at which RBCs settle in plasma of an anti coagulated blood sample.
(-) charged RBCs repel each other thus ⬇️ ESR.
(1/12)
In the presence of (+) charged large asymmetric proteins, ⬆️ neutralization and RBC aggregation causes ⬆️ ESR. Which of the following physiological conditions would have an increased ESR ?
(2/12)