MPX is an orthopoxvirus closely related to #smallpox. It has 2 clades- the milder one has a fatality rate similar to #SARSCoV2 - the other, closer to SARS1 at 10%. UK outbreak caused by the milder clade. #monkeypox has surged since 2017 due to (thread) wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27…
A combination of waning immunity from smallpox vaccines - mass vaccination stopped by 1980, when SPX declared eradicated; population growth and ecological factors as we explored wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/27…
Smallpox vaccines work against MPX, and also work as post-exposure prophylaxis in a strategy devised during the eradication campaign called "ring vaccination" because of a long incubation period. tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.10…
Is a concern worldwide bcos vaccine immunity has waned to almost 0 AND we live with far higher levels of medical immunosuppression today than in 1980. We estimated almost 20% of people live with moderate to severe immunosuppn as a minimal estimate wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/24…
There are effective vaccines against smallpox & MPX, but only 1 approved for MPX - a non-replicating vaccine, whereas 2nd gen smallpox vaccines (replicating) have a side effect profile that would not warrant mass vaccination in the absence of substantial community transmission
Should consider vaccinating HCW in frontline roles with MVA in countries that are seeing MPX. The first importation of MPX into the UK in 2018 caused a nurse to become infected. thesun.co.uk/news/7350927/m…
And BTW, much knowledge about orthopoxviruses in humans has been lost, and now talk of droplet and contact transmission. However, in the 1700s and 1800s smallpox was accepted a highly airborne. Likely MPX is too. mdpi.com/1999-4915/12/1…
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