Thread by @zerokn0wledge_

0/ execution layers are a core building block of the modular design stack

a super exciting modular execution layers is definitely Fuel by @fuellabs_, a super scalable & flexible solution with its own VM supporting parallelized tx execution ⚡️

a primer 🧵 on #Fuel (0/27) 👇

1/ since I have covered the modular design space in a lot of depth already, I won't go into the details here again

if you need a recap, check out this thread

2/ but basically, DA, consensus and execution are unified in one single layer in monolithic blockchain networks (e.g. $ETH)

3/ in modular architecture these layers are stripped apart and (at least) execution is separated from DA/consensus

4/ so, what is Fuel by @fuellabs_?

#Fuel is a modular execution layer solution that can be operated in different configurations. #Fuel be configured as a monolithic chain, a rollup on $ETH, a #Celestium or a side-chain

the below graphic summarized Fuel's modular configuartions

5/ moreover, @fuellabs_ has developed a custom virtual machine, the #FuelVM, that allows for parallelized transaction execution, thereby overcoming one of the core limitation of #Ethereum's virtual machine (EVM)

6/ @fuellabs_ defines parallel tx execution as follows:

7/ parallel tx execution is a powerful feature and many newer gereation blockchains have tried to overcome this EVM limitation by designing their own VMs

8/ the @solana VM for example sorts incoming txs to run the non-overlapping txs in parallel across multiple cores

this is only possible due to $SOL's special account-based VM which requires txs to describe all the states they will read or write while executing

9/ another example is @SuiNetwork that uses a custom data model, in which data is organized into objects that can either have a single or multiple owners, thereby allowing its VM to process txs in parallel

10/ finally, @Aptos_Network has also built a highly efficient, multi-threaded, in-memory parallel execution engine that should be able to execute over 160k non-trivial Move (domain-specific language) txs per second

10/ but back to #Fuel, which is based on the unspent transaction output (UTXO) model (rather than account-based) to make use of strict access lists in combination with a custom VM to enable parallel tx execution, where non-overlapping contracts can be executed in parallel

11/ but why is this parallel execution important?

well, FuelVM’s design enables new use cases that can’t be feasibly built on the EVM (such as orderbook DEXes)

12/ for a more detailed comparison of FuelVM vs. EVM see below

fuellabs.github.io/fuel-docs/mast…

13/ additionally, the #FuelVM instruction set has been designed specifically to be both expressive & fraud-provable within the #EVM

14/ the latter is achieved through support for trust-minimized light clients

trust minimized light clients & shared data availability enables trust minimized bridges to other modular execution layers, something impossible to achieve between monolithic L1s

15/ finally, in line with the modular thesis, #Fuel has been designed with the express goal the using $ETH as a settlement layer, consensus & DA layer for its execution environment

16/ @fuellabs_'s approach to $ETH scaling is summarized in the below graphics

17/ moreover, the #FuelVM has its own domain-specific programming language. #Sway supports built-in top-level contract storage as well as ergonomic & safe contract programming standards from #Solidity, with the syntax, borrow checker & safety-first semantics of #Rust

18/ interestingly, #Sway’s compiler is uniquely able to audit smart contracts, catching issues that typically auditing firms are hired to discover, which is a pretty sick feature

won't entirely replace smart contract audits though

19/ the #Sway language is already gaining quite some traction

find resources below:

fuellabs.github.io/sway/latest/

fuellabs.github.io/fuel-docs/mast…

17/ but what's currently going on at @fuellabs_ you ask?

well, after launching beta-1, the first public #Fuel testnet back in September, the team has recently announced the launch of beta-2, the next iteration of the public testnet

fuel-labs.ghost.io/announcing-bet…

18/ beta-2 intrpduces a number of new features as summarized below

19/ but what about applications on #Fuel you ask?

#Fuel has already been gaining quite a bit of traction with >10 projects already building on it

a list of confirmed projects can be found here

github.com/FuelLabs/aweso…

20/ on beta-1, @fuellabs_ also has a Uniswap-style DEX demo live if you fancy trying

fuel-labs.ghost.io/introducing-sw…

21/ so finally, who is behind #Fuel?

@fuellabs_ was founded in 2019 by @jadler0 & @IAmNickDodson. Adler has a background in Electrical & Computer Engineering. He was also a blockchain researcher at @ConsenSys where he pioneered optimistic rollup designs

22/ moreover, @jadler0 is the co-founder and chief research officer at @CelestiaOrg, which I have covered in depth here

23/ @IAmNickDodson on the other hand was one of the earliest #Solidity coders on #Ethereum. He later joined @ConsenSys where he worked on crowdfunding & governance applications before he left to co-found @fuellabs_ with @jadler0

24/ @fuellabs_ is well funded and has successfully raised a total of $81.5 million in two funding rounds

25/ initially, @fuellabs_ raised $1.5 million in a round (non-equity assistance) led by @coinfund_io w/ participation from @fenbushi & @origincapitalco in 2021

vcaonline.com/news/news.asp?…

26/ additionally, earlier this year, @fuellabs_ announced an $80 million venture round led by @blockchaincapit w/ participation from @Maven11Capital & @TheSpartanGroup among others

fuel-labs.ghost.io/fuel-labs-anno…

27/ a #modularist myself I love what @fuellabs_ is building and think it deserves more attention ⚡️

modular architecture & #rollup scaling are the future of france 🔮

what do you think about #Fuel? ✨

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have a great evening frens!✨