2. That's 20-40% of people who get infected and never show symptoms. More likely in young. Who don't understand they are propagating the pandemic
"Usually a virus that is good enough to kill you would make almost everybody at least a little bit sick."
3. The chronic "long covid" post-viral symptoms of #COVID19 are common, understudied to date.
"And it's extraordinary how many people have a postviral syndrome that's very strikingly similar to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome."
4. We don't have a #COVID19 czar with decision-making authority, like @RonaldKlain for Ebola (who Fauci loves) but @VP has taken on a lead role, is receptive, and "deeply involved." Fauci is very respectful to the Administration despite all the efforts of @POTUS to undermine him
5. What about the @HHSgov hijacking the @CDCgov covid data?
Fauci only learned about it by watching television
6. What about the hyperimmune response to #COVID19 and that being implicated as the basis for most fatalities?
7. It took 5 days from the sequence of #SARSCoV2 to Fauci's team to get the start on a vaccine, 62 days to get Phase 1 clinical trial started (That is simply incredible)
8. What about short-lived antibodies to the virus and the role of T cells? #SARSCoV2 is like SARS with a significant and enduring T cell response. We shouldn't be worried about the IgG antibody waning report that got a lot of buzz this week.
9. What about reinfection, does it occur?
There are anecdotes, but no proof of replication competent virus. So if it really exists it's rare (considering millions of infections). Hard to prove since you need a BSL-3 lab to correlate PCR results of RNA nucleotides w/ live virus
10. On the mask pushback, Fauci attributes this to the "disturbing anti-science trend" My worry is that will extend to implementing the vaccine, but we didn't get to that issue
11. Monoclonal (neutralizing) antibodies were developed for Ebola and highly successful They are now in clinical trials for SARSCoV2, very potent, and will likely be used in early and late stages of treatment. Mabs don't get the attention of vaccines but very important & imminent
12. Rapid diagnostic kits for home or point of care are in the works, NIH has invested $500 million, results in < 30 mins. These will be transformative when they are available this fall
13. Favorite part: his comments to the frontline heroes and how science will prevail.
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Three new @NEJM reports on #H5N1 today 1. An overview by @MichaelGIsonMD and @DrJeanneM
"urgent need for vigilant surveillance of emerging mutations and assessment of the threat of human-to-human transmission"
2. Report of the 13-year-old Canadian girl who developed acute respiratory failure. Sequence of her H5N1 revealed 3 mutations that may be linked to higher virulence and adaptation to human cell binding
3. Review of 46 cases of mild H5N1 illness by CDC in 2024
We're learning how to control the immune response, like a rheostat, even in the brain. Implications for understanding the basis and potential treatment of autoimmune conditions like multiple sclerosis, #LongCovid, #MECFS, and brain cancer.
A brief review of 6 recent, important reports
in the new Ground Truths, open-access
Such as Programming T cells with brain-specific proteins and payloads
@ScienceMagazine science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
Or peptide fragments of myelin basic protein that suppress the immune response @Nature nature.com/articles/s4158…
New @NEJM
A whopping (~90%) reduction of progression to Type 2 diabetes with tirzepatide (GLP-1 drug, dual receptor) vs placebo in a randomized trial of >2,500 participants with obesity, absolute reduction of 10/100 treated
In other GLP-1 new publications today
—Country-wide Sweden reduced hospitalizations for alcohol or substance abuse with these drugs jamanetwork.com/journals/jamap… @JAMAPsych
—Concerns about discontinuation jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/… @JAMA_current
Other new anti-obesity drugs in the pipeline, one that also increases energy expenditure
@NatureNV nature.com/articles/d4158…
A dedicated issue of @ScienceTM on #LongCovid
—Sex-specific differences, with perspective by @VirusesImmunity and @SilvaJ_C
—Insights for therapies @AndreaCoxMDPhD
—Deconvoluting "Osler's Web" @MichaelPelusoMD @DeeksSteven @DrMaureenHanson @SaydahSharon
—+RECOVER Trial, Lyme disease
An elegant @Nature study by @AkassoglouLab has illuminated our understanding of the role of fibrin (component of blood clots), #SARSCoV2, and brain inflammation in Covid and #LongCovid.
This discovery and more in the new Ground Truths podcast, with transcript, key figures (such as as the one below) and citations. Open-access. Link in my profile.
A clip from our conversation. Unknowingly, @AkassoglouLab was gearing up for understanding this complex pathophysiology for many years before Covid hit
For treatment, it's not just as simple as preventing fibrin clots. It's isolating the pro-inflammatory action of fibrin, targeted by the antibody
Covid and increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) 3-years out
2-fold increased for any severity of Covid
~4-fold increase for Covid requiring hospitalization
"a coronary artery disease equivalent"
interaction with non-O blood types
@uk_biobankahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/AT…
"A major finding from our analyses was that the risk
of MACE among the subset of hospitalized COVID-
19 cases without known CVD (ie, primary prevention
patients) was comparable to (or even slightly higher than) the risk in patients with CVD, PAD, or diabetes but without COVID-19."
"one of the first examples of a gene-pathogen exposure interaction for thrombotic events"
I think it's the first one documented, likely others to be unraveled