This is historically wrong. Britain maintained in force the navigation acts (until 1849), cutting the US off from trade to its traditional partners - Britain and its colonies. /1
Things got worse for the US a bit later when the UK cut of trade with France as part of the Napoleonic war, which the US challenged as illegal. Ultimately there was the war of 1812 between the US and the UK /2
In the course of which Fort McHenry was attacked by the British Navy - the events described in the US national anthem. /3
And British Forces burned down the White House. /4
None of this reduces the ties that exist now and the beneficial trade that developed. But this didn’t happen on the eve after the war of independence with George III smiling, turning around and saying: let’s become two freely trading nations.
Some literature: McNabb, Post-Revolutionary Commerce and Trade (in: A Comparative History of Commerce and Industry), Vol. I
Hope from European researchers: EMA has started two rolling reviews of covid vaccines. On October 1 it started the process for Oxford/AstraZeneca’s candidate, on October 6 it started for BioNTech/Pfizer. (Short thread)
What’s a rolling review? EMA describes it as follows
Quick reminder on the importance (or not) of deadlines in the Brexit talks - from the WA to the FR. (Withdrawal Agreeement, Future Relationship) (thread)
1) Art. 50 TEU contained a 2-year time limit for negotiating a Withdrawal Agreement. After the expiry of those two years the Treaties cease to have effect in and for the UK. That was a hard, legal deadline. The two years could be extended (and were, several times). Nevertheless:
Once that deadline was reached and not extended the treaties cease to have effect for the UK with or without WA.
That is over. A WA was agreed, ratified and has entered into force. Even though a lot of the people who lobbied for the WA and voted for it seem to now be against it.
Being perceived as tough can be an effective negotiating strategy. It backfires though if by “tough” you mean walking back on past agreements. As this is from the Trump playbook, some words on that are in order /1 on.ft.com/3lzudUQ
Trump threatened to bring NAFT down to reach USMCA. And he got what he wanted including rules of origin for the car industry that will be tough (impossible?) to meet for Mexico. So why not copy those tactics? /2
Because the UK-EU relationship is entirely different from the Mexican-US one. Mexico is utterly dependent on trade with the US (the US takes more than 70% of its exports). The UK is not even the EU’s largest trading partner. /3
1) Your sample. You compare the UK system to Canada, Japan and Australia. Two of these systems are Westminster systems. That does not support a conclusion relating to “the world”.
2) Why do I say that? The real power in treaty scrutiny is an up or down vote on an FTA in Parliament. That exists, for example, in the US or the EU. Not in the UK.
Germany published its ranking of trading partners in foreign trade for 2019 (any hint where to find the equivalent for 2018, @destatis ?) /1 destatis.de/EN/Themes/Econ…
For overall trade (imports+exports) the UK was Germany's 7th largest trading partner, after China, NL, US, France, Italy and Poland. For exports it ranked No. 5 after the US, France, China and NL.
The statistics for Jan to August for German exports unsurprisingly show dramatic change, but...
From today‘s Politico: Ministers will ensure that 60% of the equipment used in the UK for producing wind energy is made in the country.
What is not mentioned: this can very quickly come into conflict with WTO law (Short thread)
National content requirements are highly dubious under WTO law - and Canada and India are amongst the countries whose programs ran into trouble at the WTO for precisely that reason.