I think IA (lean D) GA (lean D) along with TX (lean R) and OH (lean R) will be the closest states. Maybe too close to call on election night
But Biden wins FL, PA, MI and WI by comfortable enough margins that election is called.
So some of you know but for those who don't, my background is in sports data.
When it comes to sports betting, it's not good enough to pick the winner, you need to be able to predict the spread too. So let's compare my final vote predictions to those of the top forecasters.
And to clarify:
Election margin - the thing everyone tries to predict - is a function of FORECASTING.
The poll margin - the thing I'm trying to educate people about what it actually means - is not about a forecast. It's about understanding data.
So with that, some charts...
As promised, here's my swing state forecast based on Election margin, compared to @FiveThirtyEight and @TheEconomist.
538 and The Economist are within 2% on all their state forecasts. I have 5 states greater 2% different from theirs:
NV +13.1%
ME +17%
AZ +6.2%
NH +3.4%
GA +2.8%
So now for the fun part. *Why* these discrepancies?
I found it almost immediately.
538 forecasts undecideds will go to Biden in the following proportions:
(I found this by taking their polling average minus projected vote share, divided by total undecideds)
Their "demographics-based" adjustment ranges from 11% to 23% in swing states. Meaning it's not *only* undecideds that influence their final numbers, but largely so.
And here's my Senate Forecast! Last week's numbers but not a lot has changed.
Dems are strong favorites - but not locks - to retake the Senate.
If you're looking for a big picture Senate Forecast here's what I have.
51 and 52 seats being the most likely outcome (about 20% each) with 53 and 50 making up an additional 33%.
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And while I'm here, I need to issue an apology to @gelliottmorris.
At the beginning of my deep, deep dive into politics/polling, I had a big problem with @TheEconomist Forecast.
He may or may not even remember (and I wasn't *that* big of an a-hole..) but I should elaborate
My beginning of analysis into polling & politics data came from sportsbook odds. I know how sportsbook odds work - and how people normally misunderstand how they work - and based on this I concluded it's more likely pollster/forecasters were wrong than the sportsbooks.
The problem with 538's definition of "polling error" goes back to experimental design
That is, does this thing measure what we're saying it does?
In the case of "poll margin - election margin = poll error" they're assuming poll attempts to measure the final outcome. It doesn't!
If you're not a science person, and you're like "what does this mean?" Here's how I break it down
Polls measure *preferences* of decided voters, and *how many* undecided voters. That's it!
Elections, unlike polls, don't include undecideds. This means variables have changed!
Check out these polls from NV, 2018. How about NV-2? Poll is 16-23. Meaning ~61% undecided
Does this poll suggest that Amodei will probably win? Debatable. Does it suggest he'll probably win by about 7? No! Why? It tells us *nothing* about the 61% undecided. (He won 58-42)
First up, the general election forecast. This is basically a blended model of my lean-Trump and lean-Biden undecided models, with weight to the lean-Biden because there's evidence to suggest the undecideds - while fewer - will break D
Notably, in this forecast, Biden relatively easily wins the major swing states.
The most contentious states are Iowa, Ohio, Texas, and Georgia with Biden narrowly winning Iowa and Georgia and narrowly losing Iowa and Texas.
Remember, these are just probabilities, not concrete
Put another way, my forecast comes out like this.
I wouldn't be shocked if Trump held Iowa and Georgia, nor if Biden took Ohio and Texas. Beyond that, a close election in NC, PA, or FL? Not really seeing it being closer than 2-3 pts as of now
Who's ready for an election thread and a (statistically literate) poll analysis & update?
There's an OBSESSION with "what the polls missed" in 2016. If you follow me, you'd know: the polls weren't wrong - people just read them wrong.
2/x
That's part of why @FiveThirtyEight's statistically invalid analysis of
"poll margin - election margin = poll error"
Is so damaging. Not only is it logically and statistically invalid, it leads them/the public to believe the POLLS were wrong when that's likely not true.
3/x
In 2016, Hillary had a decent lead, IF YOU ONLY LOOKED AT MARGIN
But you'll note - this is important -IN NO SWING STATE DID SHE POLL ABOVE 47%
Compare that to 2020
Biden is polling at ABOVE 49% in MI, PA, WI, NH, MN, ME, FL, NC, NV (and above 50% in the first 6 of those)