Wrt to jnAna and vairAgya being many/in plural, let me give you a small insight on the absolute brilliance of sri vaishnava AchAryAs. We will consider this invocatory stanza (thaniyan) of AchArya nAthamuni:
[Salutations to nAthamuni who is the treasure of both jnAna and vairAgya and the ocean of single minded devotion to bhagavAn.]+
Our AchAryAs while commenting on this shloka, ask a Q - "Why is he a treasure of jnAna and vairAgya? After all they are just 2 things while a treasure implies an abundance". The answer is that there are many things to develop jnAna about and many things to renounce (vairAgya)+
So, it is logical that one can only possess lots of jnAna and lots of vairAgya, which must be in plural.
This simple observation turned out to not just be a mere anubhava of our AchAryAs, but literally expressed in the same way in shAstra+
Wherever jnAna and vairAgya occur in shAstra, they use plural terms, as did this mantra from Atharva Veda. If it weren't for these insights by our AchAryAs, I wouldn't have recognized them as such. Even an invocation by AchAryAs is useful to understand the intent of shAstra!
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Oh my auspicious Mind! Realise that there is One; who is the Greatest Lord! - PoigaiAzhwar
Sudaradi thozhudhu yezhu en mananE
Seek his divine feet, my mind! - Nammazhwar+
kEttAyE mada nenjE – Azhwar talks to his mind - "Thinking about the great object of attainment at ThiruvAttAru, that Lord Keshava we have acquired, have you become proud that we have attained what is impossible to attain? Are you enjoying this?"+
Atharva Veda (kAnda 6) has a small set of mantras praising the mind (as a symbol of Brahman) for aiding the upAsaka in his Yoga. Again, a similarity to Nammazhwar always hailing his mind in terms such as "kettAye mada nenje" and so on. Here is a brief translation+
namo devavadhebhyo namo rAjavadhebhyaH |
[Salutations to mind associated with desireless activities (karma yoga) that destroy hankerings of sense objects and meditations of the self that destroy desires ruling over the self (jnAna yoga).]+
“deva” refers to contemplations that shine out sense objects, quelled by karma yoga. rAja is lust, that rules over the self, which are destroyed by jnAna yoga or meditation on the self that removes such desires.+
evaMbhUtaM tvAM ye nindanti te mUrkhAH ityAha -- ye tviti | ye tu tvAm umayA bhavAnyA saha charantaM nitarAM kAminaM katthante pralapanti tathA shmashAne charantamugraM krUraM paruShaM hiMsraM cha katthante, kathaMbhUtam? +
"Those who belittle you (Shiva), who are of (exalted) nature are fools. Those who call you promiscuous for giving umA your body, by calling your activity (of taking away lives) as fierce, your residing in graveyard as uncultured -- what are these type of people? (they are fools)"
padma purANa visualizes 18 purANAs as various body parts of Hari. It is clear that each part corresponds to the starting inquiry of the purANa. I will not post sanskrit here, rough translation of each query+
brahma purANa is mUrdha (head). It begins with Q “You know deeds of devAs & dAnavAs, tell us how Universe with devas etc arises & into whom will it dissolve”. So, purANa asks how Brahman is the source of glory of devAs etc. It is the head of viShNu as he is at the crest of all.
+
Padma purANa is the heart. It begins with Q, “How was the lotus along with brahmA produced”. In rAmAyaNa, brahmA tells rAma, “ahaM te hR^idayaM”. In vedic parlance, “heart” stands for “putra” & shows brahmA is an effect of bhagavAn. This purANa is the heart, due to this Q.+
Everyone knows Brahma and Shiva are great gods. But Yama is only next to them in greatness of knowledge. As a dedication to Lord Yama, here is a translation of the beautiful yamāṣtaka by Savitri from brahmavaivarta purāṇa. Translation done in a hurry, so excuse errors if any.+
[Savitri: Yama, who are Dharma personified! Praise of Hari, speaking about his stories or listening to them, result in purification of one's lineage. It removes birth & death.]+
dānānāṃ ca vratānāṃ ca siddhīnāṃ tapasāṃ param| yōgānāṃ caiva vēdānāṃ sēvanaṃ kīrtanaṃ harēḥ||
[Higher than charity, vows, sacrifices, penances, meditation, study of the Vedas is the praise of Lord Hari]+
This interested me so I went through the section. Genuine enough+
If you take the time to understand that names in sahasranAmAs & shatanAmAs are not random but telling a story, ie, onnected to each other, you would understand that it is not proper to jump into a name and interpret it as per layman understanding. So let me explain these names+
sarvayajñādhipō yajvā jarāmaraṇavarjitaḥ ।
[The One who presides over all sacrifices (as the object of worship), the One who performs sacrifices for those who cannot do so (as the means of worship), who is devoid of birth and death despite being the antaryAmin]+