To elaborate on the concept of superhuman vaccine immunity:
Each of the 3 examples in our piece are for different reasons. 1. HPV—best, since the human response is weak 2. Tetanus—small amounts of toxin don't elicit strong response) 3. H Flu—the bacterium is sugar coated
2/
This is different from vaccine efficacy.
Take measles. The natural human response to infection provides durable efficacy but the vaccine requires multiple shots and is without lifelong protection. 3/
Superhuman vaccine = superior to typical human response to natural infection
The #SARSCoV2 neutralizing antibody response to mRNA vaccines has exceeded that of many convalescent patients by orders of magnitude @NEJMbit.ly/33ys84T 4/
The natural human response to #COVID19 infection leaves many patients without a full and/or durable immune response, as nicely depicted (G=IgG, B=B cells, 4=CD4, 8=CD8, A=IgA) biorxiv.org/content/10.110… Figure 5C @profshanecrotty and colleagues 5/
Several #SARSCoV2 reinfections have been documented in patients without a sufficient IgG antibody response to the primary infection bnonews.com/index.php/2020… 6/
There are still many unknowns about the mRNA (and other platform) #SARSCoV2 vaccines with respect to durability, sterilization immunity (that would prevent transmission) and the role of T cells. 7/
In sum, the results to date suggest #SARSCoV2's spike protein lays the foundation for a potent vaccine-induced immune response that will turn out to be superior to that derived from natural infections. 8/
I recently spoke to @DrPaulOffit about the concept of a superhuman vaccine immune response medscape.com/viewarticle/93…
He highlighted the #SARSCoV2 inhibition of our interferon response and this point👇
And cited the 3 prototypic examples
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The connection between #SARSCoV2 and neurodegeneration
@TheLancetNeuro
Quotes below: 1. SARS-CoV-2 infection should be considered as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, even though the distinction between causation versus disease acceleration is not clear.thelancet.com/journals/laneu…
2. Inflammation in patients with COVID-19, and controlled experiments show prolonged neuro-inflammation after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection
in macaques.
3. A direct correlation has been reported
between prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and increased risk
of Alzheimer’s disease (figure).
4. So far, the estimated lifetime cumulative risk of dementia due to hospitalisation for any viral infection is 1·48 (95% CI 1·15–1·91).
Breaking down the risks and benefit for lecanemab, the amyloid beta-directed antibody vs Alzheimer's drug approved @US_FDA last year. It doesn't look good.
My oped on the JN.1 variant and the 2nd biggest US wave of infections (after Omicron) since the pandemic began
@latimes @latimesopinion #LongCovid latimes.com/opinion/story/…
Recent @CDCgov #SARSCoV2 wastewater data for current wave (vs Omicron Jan 2022 and subsequent waves), graph by @luckytran
Sorry, @washingtonpost, but this is not "another Covid-19 uptick" as you put it in your Health Alert. You ignore the best metric for infections that we have at present—wastewater—focusing only on hospitalizations washingtonpost.com/health/2024/01…
3 New #LongCovid reports 1. Vaccination protection—1 dose 21%, 2 doses 59%, 3 doses 73% among ~590,000 people in Sweden (strong association) bmj.com/content/383/bm…
2. 3-year prospective follow up of a cohort of ~1350 participants, hospitalized in China
—Lung function restored back to baseline in most
—Higher risk of reinfection that people w/o Long Covid
—Half w/ persistent symptoms thelancet.com/journals/lanre…
3. At @RSNA annual meeting, brain MRI with microstructure imaging (DMI), participants with #LongCovid vs controls had microstructure changes associated with impaired cognition, sense of smell and fatigue eurekalert.org/news-releases/…
Big news #ESC2023 and @NEJM
In a placebo-controlled randomized trial of people with obesity + heart failure (with preserved ejection fraction). semaglutide (Wegovy) markedly improved symptoms, exercise time, reduced inflammatory markers (and weight loss) nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
This also tells us something about the underlying mechanism of heart failure with preserved EF—metabolic dysfunction and attendant systemic inflammation—not previously acknowledged or confirmed
The accompanying editorial lays this finding out well. Prior studies of weight loss didn't help HFpEF