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1 Jan, 5 tweets, 2 min read
1 January 1945 | 200 Poles sentenced to death by a Gestapo summary court (100 men & 100 women) were shot in crematorium V at #Auschwitz II-Birkenau. They were transported from Block 11 in Auschwitz I in two groups - men and women separately. 1/2
The sentenced people were transferred to crematorium V by a camp doctor SS-Obersturmführer Fritz Klein who was also supposed to declare them death.

The execution was carried out by the head of crematories SS-Oberscharführer Erich Muhsfeldt. 2/2
German law in the occupied Polish territories annexed into the Third Reich allowed Gestapo to sentence to death any Pole or Jew for "an assault towards a German" or "hostile attitude towards Germans".
Erich Muhsfeldt was tried by the Supreme National Tribunal at the Auschwitz Trial in Kraków and found guilty of crimes against humanity. He was sentenced to death by hanging in December 1947, and executed on 24 January 1948.
Fritz Klein was tried in the Belsen Trial by a British military court at Lüneburg. He was sentenced to death and hanged at Hamelin prison on 13 December 1945.

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More from @AuschwitzMuseum

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28 Dec 20
28 December 1942 | Prof. Carl Clauberg began his experiments on female prisoners at Auschwitz II-Birkenau to develop a non-surgical mass sterilization method. In April 1943 Clauberg moved to Block 10 in Auschwitz I.
Under the pretext of performing a gynecological examination, he first made sure that the Fallopian tubes were open and then introduced a specially prepared chemical irritant, which caused acute inflammation. This led to the growing together of the tubes & their obstruction.
These procedures were carried out in a brutal way. Complications were frequent, including peritonitis and hemorrhages from the reproductive tract, leading to high fever and sepsis. Multiple organ failure and death frequently followed.
Read 8 tweets
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13 Nov 20
13 Nov 1942 | SS doctor Johann Paul Kremer diary: "Fresh material (liver, spleen & pancreas) from a Jewish prisoners of 18, extremely atrophic, who had been photographed before. As usual, the liver and spleen were preserved in Carnoy, and the pancreas in Zenker (no. 68030)" 1/2
The prisoner with this camp number arrived at #Auschwitz on October 14, 1942 in a transport from the Westerbork camp in the occupied Netherlands.

His name was Hans de Yong (born February 18, 1924 in Frankfurt). He perished on November 13, 1942. 2/2
SS-Obersturmführer Johann Paul Kremer, a professor of anatomy from the University of Münster, carried out research in #Auschwitz in connection with diseases resulting from the effects of starvation on the human organism, particularly “brown liver atrophy” (braune Atrophie).
Read 6 tweets
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11 Nov 20
11 November 1941 | On the Polish Independence Day the Germans carried out the first execution by shooting in the yard of Block 11 of the #Auschwitz camp. Most probably 151 people were shot in the back of their heads - almost all of them Poles. #11listopada 1/5 Image
Among the executed on 11 November 1941 there were 27 prisoners kept in bunkers of Block 11 for various offenses & 44 prisoners summoned from the camp by the Political Department (camp Gestapo). Unconfirmed accounts mention 80 Poles transported from the prison in Mysłowice. 2/5 Image
The victims had to undress completely inside Block 11 washrooms. Then their hands were tied. Before the execution, their numbers were written on their chests or their thighs. They were shot in the back of their heads by SS-Hauptscharführer Gerhard Palitzsch. 3/5 ImageImage
Read 5 tweets
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7 Oct 20
7 October 1944 | Jewish prisoners of the Sonderkommando at the German Nazi Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp organized a revolt. They set crematorium IV on fire, causing serious damage, as well as attacked the SS men in the vicinity. 1/5
A group of prisoners from crematorium II (approximately 80) cut through the barbed wire fences enclosing of the crematorium as well as the adjacent women’s camp and fled in a southerly direction. SS units gave chase and caught up with them some 1.5 km from the crematorium. 2/5
Around 250 Jewish prisoners were killed during the revolt, including resistance leaders and organizers of the revolt, including Załmen Gradowski (in the picture) and Józef Deresiński. The SS lost three men killed and more than ten wounded. 3/5
Read 5 tweets
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5 Oct 20
Ca. 5 October 1942 | A horrible massacre took place in the female sub-camp of KL #Auschwitz in Budy. German female functionary prisoners and SS guards used rods, axes and rifle butts & murdered around 90 prisoners, French Jewish women. Image
The penal company for female prisoners in Budy, about 7 km. from Auschwitz, was created in June 1942 in reprisal for an escape from Auschwitz by a Polish female prisoner. 400 women of various ethnic backgrounds were imprisoned there in horrible conditions.
The camp administration investigated the massacre, but failed to discover the cause. Commandant Rudolf Höss defined the massacre as “a revolt instigated by prisoners who used stones and clubs in an attempt to terrorize the capo and make their way out of the camp.”
Read 5 tweets
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21 Sep 20
21/22 September 1940 | 2nd transport from #Warsaw arrived at the German #Auschwitz camp with 1705 people, including: Władysław Bartoszewski (4427), Stanisław Dubois (3904), Konstanty Jagiełło (4507) oraz Witold Pilecki (4859). 1/5
Władysław Bartoszewski was a prisoner of Auschwitz. After his release, a Home Army member, an activist of "Żegota" Council, participant of the Warsaw Uprising; historian & writer; Chairman of the International Auschwitz Council, Founder of the Auschwitz-Birkenau Foundation. 2/5
Stanisław Dubois, a socialist, was one of the leaders of the camp resistance at #Auschwitz. He was shot on 21 August 1942. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5… 3/5
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