Firstly, some acetabular radiographer anatomy
1 iliopubic line - the ant column
2 ilioischial line - the post column
3 the acetabular fossa
4 the teardrop - medial inferior socket
5 post wall
6 ant wall
Assess the bone deficiency or excess. Where is it? If a deficient acetabulum: is it contained (intact front, back, medial, superior walls) or uncontained. This should feed into the type of reconstruction, the prosthesis and the need for bone graft.
If excess bone, are these osteophytes and if so, where are they. These can be helpful landmarks intraoperatively but can make assessment of anatomy a challenge. Are they going to affect your approach, can you remove easily? Is there HO? Do you need to consider Rx?
Draw two lines. Start with a teardrop line (line A). This is your datum, your reference. If the teardrops aren’t clear use the bottom of the obturator foramen as an alternative. Then draw the roof line (line B) parallel to line A. Start on the normal side and translate to other
In this case you can there is a small supero-lat deficiency. There is femoral head above the roof line showing acetabular bone has been eroded. Therefore, in this case, expect a deficiency. So if you start teaming and there is no deficiency, there is a risk you are reaming high.
All part of planning. If you know where you’re going and how to get there, and something doesn’t look as you expect, there’s a chance you’ve gone wrong somewhere. Don’t be afraid to stop and reassess.
51/365 Good planning is essential and to perform good planning you need good images. Don’t settle for less and accept what you know isn’t good enough. Sometimes the radiography dept don’t understand what you need. Time spent with them is time well spent.
‘Recent’ is a relative term. Typically we say within six months but any change in symptoms or exam finding at preop probably deserves a repeat image.
Internally rotating the legs (toes inwards) improves the true AP image of the proximal femur. The normal femur is anteverted so assessing offset is difficult. You never over estimate the offset. If anything it will be under. Err on the side of increasing offset.
7/365 What is bone cement? It's a polymer, a chain of 'mer' units - MMA, methylmethacrylate - and is therefore known as PMMA or, more commonly, under one of the trade names below.
The inert effect of PMMA in the human body was first noticed by Harold Ridley, an ophthalmic surgeon, who looked after pilots after WW2, removing shrapnel from their eyes. He noticed that pilots who flew behind glass canopies developed an aggressive foreign body reaction
However, Spitfire pilots who flew behind their streamlined canopies made from Lucite/ Perspex, produced no foreign body reaction around the fragments of PMMA. This prompted him to make the first intraocular lenses out of PMMA.