THREAD: Everyone knows Bible translations say slightly different things. But sometimes they say the EXACT OPPOSITE thing. And sometimes it's kinda important.
Example: Do Christians walk around as victorious winners IN THIS LIFE? OR do they walk as conquered losers on display? 1/
Well, look at 2nd Cor. 2:14. Paul says, "But thanks be to God who always [thriambeuo] us in Christ..." Some translate that as "triumph," while others recognize it as a reference to the Roman victory parade called a "triumph," in which both winners & losers would participate. 2/
So is Paul saying God always causes Christians to triumph? Or that God always leads them as winners in Christ's victory parade? OR is he saying God leads Christians as his conquered captives?
BIG difference. Christians are either worldly victors or losers awaiting heaven. 3/
So here's an example of how various Bibles have translated this. On the left: God makes Christians victorious winners! On the right: God has made Christians his captives on display. In the middle: could go either way.
Which is correct? 4/
Translations on the far right are correct. That verb thriambeuo, when it takes a direct object, the direct object is always the loser. God is parading Christians around as captives in this life & they get sacrificed at the end of the parade for his glory. (see also 1 Cor 4:9) 5/
But my broader point is that translation decisions matter & Bible-readers can get VERY different messages on key topics.
THREAD: How prevalent is wokeness among white evangelicals (WEs)?
I know, it's a stupid question. I hate the word & there's a 99% chance if you've ever labeled someone "woke" you're an a-hole. But folks are giving sermon series denouncing wokeness so let's try to quantify it. 1/
Let's assume just for the sake of argument someone who's truly "woke" is the kind of person who favors 1) reparations; 2) tearing down Confederate statues; 3) defunding police; and 4) INSISTS on discussing racial issues.
Sound fair? Our PDES data actually has such measures. 2/
Below are 4 statements Americans could indicate agreement with. Scores are 0-4 & adding them together in a "wokeness scale" (cringe) makes a scale from 0-16. Alpha is .88 so the questions hang together. I also divide this into quartiles like @ndrewwhitehead do for CN ... 3/
Chart 2: We can compare those PDES trends above to publicly available data in the BRS with identical measures. Identical trend. The majority of WEs think the United States has special relationship with God and the federal government should declare the US a Christian nation. 2/
From a different angle, in the 2014 GSS we see the majority of white evangelicals (two-thirds of those over 50 years) think that being a Christian is "very important" to being truly American. So here the majority conflate Christian identity w/civic belonging. 3/
THREAD: Thinking today about the ESV's practice of almost always translating the Hebrew word 'almah (young woman) as "virgin." It's probably to preserve the "virgin" of Isa. 7:14, but it forces such funny (even weird) translations elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible. For example... 1/
Psalm 68:25. The Psalmist is describing a victory parade for God. You got singers & musicians, and between them, "virgins"? Why on earth would their sexual status be in view? Just random. Probably just means "young ladies" running around with tambourines. Next up... 2/
Songs of Songs 1:3. My wife says, "Sam, you're such a catch. All the girls who never had sex are just crazy for you." Lol. Why would sexual status matter here? Is virginity in view? Or is this lady simply saying, "I'm so lucky. My guy is such a hit with all the girls."? But... 3/
THREAD: I've made a shortlist of books that were most formative to me as we wrote our forthcoming book on #ChristianNationalism (bit.ly/TABforG). If you're into the topic, here are some books you MUST own (not rank ordered). Coauthor @ndrewwhitehead will add his own list
Disclaimers about my list: 1. Just the tip of the iceberg in terms of CN research. 2. I focused on contemporary influences. 3. Didn't include KEY books we didn't have access to that came out post-production (@ThomasSKidd) or are coming out: @kathsstewart@kkdumez@praxishabitus.
How Fascism Works by @jasonintrator. Stanley's book put into words what we've been finding in our empirical work on #ChristianNationalism (CN). CN is pro-demagogue, anti-diversity, anti-feminist, anti-democracy, & anti-science. In sum, CN is pro-fascism. amazon.com/How-Fascism-Wo…
THREAD: Sociologists, we need to clear something up about Americans' Bible beliefs.
There's a difference between belief in biblical... 1) inspiration, 2) inerrancy, & 3) literalism.
Just read another article where someone use the terms interchangeably & we gotta stop it. 1/8
Belief in "biblical inspiration" simply means that one believes "the Bible" (autographs? the one in my hands?) was written w/God's divine guidance. How much guidance is open to debate. Belief in "inerrancy" is related, but different. It has a hotly contested history but... 2/8
...to those who care about it, inerrancy means the original autographs behind our modern Bibles are w/o error in all they affirm, including matters of religion, morality, science, & history. You CAN believe the Bible is divinely inspired w/o being a STRICT inerrantist. Now... 3/8
THREAD: Every so often I'll get a "Hey bro, are you still a Christian?" text/email from an old friend. Usually this is in response to something critical I've posted about evangelicals, certain versions of the Bible, etc. Those texts/emails don't bother me. These are sincere...1/5
...friends who love me & because I keep it pretty professional on Twitter & don't divulge much about my family/faith life, I don't blame them for asking. FWIW, I NEVER mind talking about those things with friends (or even with strangers in more personal contexts). But what... 2/5
...bothers me about those emails/texts is that I'm fairly certain those friends' churches are jam packed with people who voted for Trump in 2016; vocally support him today; & actually kinda like him, his personality, and his way of doing things. And I'm truly disturbed that...3/5