2/ In the quoted thread, I made the example of a skier participating to a championship made of 10 races.
3/ In a single race, the consequences of him breaking his knee are "just" that he loses that race.
Conversely, in a championship, the consequences of him breaking his knee during a race is that he loses that race AND ALL FOLLOWING ONES (because he cannot participate to them).
4/ This is what I meant by,
"Over the short term, consequences that apply beyond the short-term do not matter. Over the long term, they do."
Some losses prevent us from participating again to a profitable activity, thus absorbing future gains.
5/ Ergodicity is, between others, the study of how these deferred consequences matter and how to protect ourselves from them.
(For those who want to learn more about it, I've written a practical book: gum.co/ergodicity)
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A common scenario at the office:
– The manager sets an unclear task
– The employee does it, but not well enough
– Because of the lack of clarity, the employee thinks he did it well enough
– Now the manager faces two options, both bad:
(Thread 1/7)
2/ Either the manager accepts how the employee did the task (sending the message that subpar performance is okay and lowering standards across the team),
Or he tells the employee he didn't deliver on an unclear objective, pissing him off and/or demotivating him.
3/ Lack of clarity is a problem that:
– Always comes to bite you back
– And you will have to address it at some point, willingly or unwillingly
In school, if you partially complete a checklist, you get partial points
In life, there are checklists that give full points if partially completed and others that give no points
Much frustration comes from misunderstanding the kind of list you're dealing with
(examples below)
2/ Example #1: a checklist for authorship success could be:
– have a great idea
– write it down clearly
– promote it effectively
Only having a great idea is not sufficient. Worse, because of the lack of any success, you might learn the wrong lesson that it's a bad idea.
3/ Example #2: the checklist to write the perfect book has probably a hundred items on it. And yet, it's possible to achieve great success by only completing well a few.
But some might think that because their book doesn't check all the marks it isn't ready.
Economies of scale, and in particular large countries, have many pros (negotiation leverage, coordination for defense, lower transaction costs, some economies of scale) but also many cons.
Here are some:
(thread, 1/12)
2/ LESS INNOVATION
Many separate entities can undertake many more experiments than a single large one, even though the large one has a larger budget.
In innovation, you just have to be right once.
2B/ Decentralized innovation allows for many experiments to be made, and capital to be allocated to what works rather than to what makes sense.
"The reason to avoid communism is not because it is inefficient, but because it tries to be too intelligent." – @rorysutherland