Thread by @Dr_TJRicks

Monoclonal Antibodies and antibody therapeutics are indeed the hot new kid on the block (esp for SARS remix) next to mRNA vaccines

Let’s take a second to learn about how they work and the various pros and cons

$TAK $ABCL $ADMA $SRNE $VIR $ENZC $GLD $LLY $REGN $ABBV $GSK $NVAX

https://twitter.com/unclebillymoney/status/1357045427623895045

First what is an antibody?

An antibody is a y shaped protein used by your immune system to find germs and beat their ass

The antibody chemically combines with these invaders such as

*bacteria
*viruses
*other foreign substances

These are called pathogens

On the pathogen in question, there are specific parts that the antibody can bind to.

These are called antigens.

In the case of SARS remix, the S glycoprotein is commonly flagged by your body as an antigen.

That’s why all the mRNA vaccines encode for the S protein

Antibodies are also called immunoglobulins (Ig) so if you hear anyone talk about Ig therapy, they are talking about antibody therapy

So with the mRNA vaccines, you make your own antibodies from the engineered code

When you get over the virus, you also have antibodies for it.

Not here are 5 antibody isotypes:

*IgG
*IgM
*IgA
*IgD
*IgE

IgG is the main antibody found in the blood

Antibodies are a very important part of innate immunity, but their initial production is slow relatively speaking

What if you could bypass this process? 🧐

Turns out you can using science of course. This is where monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) come in.

So what are mAbs and how do they work?

If you know what antigen you wanna target, you can build an antibody to target it specifically. Copy it a bunch of times and voila

One (mono) antibody being copied (cloned) a bunch of times

Mono-clonal Antibodies

So there are 4 ways mAbs can be made and the name tells you how it was made

1) Chimeric mAbs - part mouse/part human, suffix -ximab

2) Murine - mouse only, suffix -omab

3) Human - human only, suffix -umab

4) humanized - small parts of mouse protein attached to human protein, suffix -zumab

These are not without side effects obviously. They include:

*fever
*chills
*nausea
*low BP
*diarrhea
*poor blood clotting
Etc.

What’s the upside though?

Well let’s talk antibodies derived from human plasma first.

As SARS remix has spread, many people have developed immunity to it. Which means they’ve developed antibody that can be found in plasma.

Turns out there’s a coalition for this.

It’s called the CoVIg plasma alliance.

Read about it here: covig-19plasmaalliance.org/en-US#recruitm…

If you read you can find that companies such as $TAK $ADMA are a part of this alliance.

This alliance is also receiving “advisory guidance” from the Bill and Melinda gates foundation 🌚

They wanna get the plasma, spin the antibodies out, and use them to develop novel SARS remix therapeutics.

Neat trick.

The other companies like $ENZC $ABCL are going a little different route with an ace in the hole

Artificial intelligence

So what’s the new boogeyman that got everybody hot under the collar??

Mutant and resistant strains of SARS remix right? That’s rendering some of the current treatments ineffective.

Well what if I told you there was a way to get around this evolution...😌

Using artificial intelligence some of these companies have compiled molecular data on all SARS remix samples given

They have found amino acids sequences that are highly conserved form strain to strain.

In other words, there are spots that look the same on every strain

Now remember, antibodies bind to certain spots of the antigen

If you know what spots stay the same, you can engineer an antibody that that targets those spots and now you don’t have to worry (as much) about a strain mutation making your treatment 💩

Why is this important?

Using AI to scrape all of this data means that you can (theoretically) engineer universal cures to pathogen no matter how much it mutates and evolves

Yuuuuuuuge implications

In the case of $ENZC check out how they used this tech for HIV

The spots that stay the same are called “immutable sites” meaning they found 7 positions that stay the same across all screened HIV variants

So they could theoretically develop monoclonal antibodies for each site and they (theoretically) would work for any HIV variant

You could do this for any pathogen that you could compile this data for if you had their proprietary technology

Remember when Trump got SARS remix and was better fast af even with all of his co-morbidities??

Well we can thank $REGN for that

google.com/amp/s/medicalx…

Antibody therapy is a very interesting avenue to fight disease

It’s also under explored. Antibody therapeutics are expected to grow to a $260 *Billion* dollar industry by 2025

The tech is very innovative. Combined with AI though?.....

Read more into Ig therapies so you can see what the future might look like

*not medical or financial advice. Strictly for entertainment. Do your own dd.