It'll be interesting to see who has the balance sheet capacity to absorb the Treasury issuance in the second half of 2021, and at what price.

1H2021 won't have much Treasury issuance, due to the planned TGA drawdown. 2H2021, however, likely gets tight.
If the private sector has to buy it, yields likely go higher, which all else being equal puts pressure on growth equity valuations.

If the Fed has to step in and buy more Treasuries for lack of sufficient demand, that's kind of Minsky Moment for the dollar.
This will require monitoring all year. The problem was going to start earlier, because Treasury was planning a ton of issuance in 1H2021, but under Yellen, the Treasury revised that down on February 1st to draw down TGA for now instead. So now more like a 2H2021 issue.
If Treasury runs $3T deficit, and draws down TGA by $1T, that leaves $2T in Treasury security issuance. Fed buys $1T at their current $80B/month rate, leaving $1T for private sector absorb. Doable.

If Treasury runs $4T deficit, however, that's $2T for private sector. Ouch.
There's a lot of demand for short duration UST, so the Treasury can keep duration low to reduce the problem. Which they've been doing.
Apart from that, large commercial banks have a lot of capacity to absorb Treasuries in 2021 (unlike 2019, when they were tight on capacity).

They're one of the only places besides the Fed that has the capacity to absorb over $1 trillion in issuance rapidly, if need be.

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More from @LynAldenContact

4 Feb
Quick thread on $AMZN valuation.

From a price to sales perspective, it remains elevated compared to its history:
However, operating cash flow has grown more quickly than revenue.

From a price to cash flow perspective, Amazon is near the mid-to-low end of its historical valuation range:
Amazon stock has followed a 25x operating cash flow multiple almost like clockwork for nearly two decades.

Chart via @FASTGraphs
Read 4 tweets
22 Jan
Ethereum folks including @BanklessHQ and @VitalikButerin crowdsourced a response to my Ethereum article:

newsletter.banklesshq.com/p/open-reply-t…
Some responses are fair (e.g. the hash rate chart wasn't ideal), while other ones I still view differently.

The core thesis of my article (Eth still very early on in development; changing the underlying structure while building on top of it) doesn't appear to be disagreed with.
Another paper I would direct folks to is this one: s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com/john-pfeffer/A…

Three years old but still highly relevant (and arguably playing out a bit at this point).

TLDR: token appreciation (mkt cap) and ecosystem growth (trans volume) not necessarily correlated long-term.
Read 5 tweets
18 Jan
My recent article on Ethereum provoked a lot of responses in favor and against, which is good.
lynalden.com/ethereum-analy…

One of my goals is to identify what is an institutional-grade blockchain, and what is not yet one.
For example, when I bought BTC in April 2020 at $6.9k, this ended up being right ahead of a wall of institutional money that came into BTC throughout the year.

The risk/reward ratio was very strong. Not the highest absolute return (could have bought TSLA yolo calls), but great.
More importantly, I like the BTC project, the ecosystem, what it enables, and the options that it gives to people around the world.

Permissionless payments and self-custody stores of value are important for the world to have.
Read 9 tweets
9 Jan
There’s an old Zen koan that goes, “if you meet the Buddha, kill him.”

In other words, when something is self-verifiable or self-iterating, looking too heavily towards the originator can be a distraction along the path. Results speak for themselves.
Some folks have applied that to Bitcoin as well.


For example, sometimes there are debates about Satoshi Nakamoto’s original intent. Should block sizes be increased to facilitate “e-cash” or should block sizes be kept small for any user to run a node?
This is the type of problem encountered by engineers all the time: trade-offs.

A project can iterate or stay the same depending on what the market says.
Read 15 tweets
8 Jan
Imagine a thought experiment:

The Federal Reserve Act gets changed, and the Fed is able to print dollars to buy Treasuries directly from the Treasury, rather than on the secondary market.
Congress says “awesome!”, and decides to send everyone $5k stimulus checks. They sell the Treasuries directly to the Fed, and the Fed buys them with electronically-printed money. No banks as intermediaries, no secondary market purchases.
The stimulus checks get deposited by the Treasury into everyone’s bank account. Their banks then get the cash as an asset, and have new deposit liabilities to their depositors in equal amount. The money is freely spendable by the consumers.
Read 6 tweets
7 Jan
This article assumes banks are reserve constrained, but they're usually not reserve constrained.

In 2020, bank holdings of Treasuries, MBS, cash at the Fed, and loans, *all* went up.
When the government runs large fiscal deficits, and the Fed buys the Treasuries on the secondary market, it sends bank deposits (M2) up a lot, which increases their capital base to buy even more Treasuries or make more loans.

No deflationary "crowding out" effect.

Reflationary.
More about the mechanics of this here:
lynalden.com/money-printing/
Read 5 tweets

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