💥 Another interesting clinical case of “Dizziness following angioplasty of the right forearm AVF in a hemodialysis patient” - by @AdinaVoiculescu@ASDINNews@dialysisaccess1
⚡️81 year old hemodialysis patient with a right radial cephalic AVF (created recently) and a left brachial cephalic AVF created a year ago and abandoned due to low AVF flow (but the left AVF was not ligated)👇🏽 2/
⚡️Patient presented with signs of poor inflow in the right radial cephalic AVF and a Fistulogram confirmed inflow stenosis👇🏽
-AVF angioplasty was performed and improvement in AVF flow was documented following inflow stenosis angioplasty👇🏽 3/
⚡️But the day after AVF angioplasty the patient developed severe dizziness
-Initial assessment did not reveal a cause for dizziness👇🏽 4/
⚡️But the vertebral artery Doppler showed flow reversal👇🏽 5/
⚡️What would you do next?👇🏽 6/
⚡️The patient’s left brachial cephalic AVF was ligated and the dizziness resolved
-What was the cause of the underlying dizziness in this case? 7/
⚡️Here is a recap of what has happened so far👇🏽 8/
⚡️The dizziness in this case was caused by Subclavian Steal Syndrome which caused reversal of flow in the vertebral artery
⚡️It can be seen in patients with bilateral AV accesses (as seen in this case) or with an AV access with high flow rate. 9/
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⚡️40 yr. female had a successful kidney transplant 14 months ago
-She presents with enlarging aneurysm of AVF
-On exam AVF was not collapsible on arm elevation test
-As AVF was not being used for dialysis, minimally invasive ligation of AVF was done👇🏽 2/
⚡️5 days later she presented with redness, swelling and pain over the AVF site
-No flow was present in the AVF
-Patient was managed conservatively without the use of antibiotics and her symptoms resolved in 10 days👇🏽 3/
⚡️Cervical Plexus Block technique for perm cath insertion using 5-10 cc of lidocaine and a standard needle👇🏽
⚡️For more information on this technique go to: nysora.com 2/
⚡️Next is the Single Incision Technique for perm cath insertion👇🏽 3/
⚡️Arterio-venous (AV) Access
causes significant morbidity & mortality in patients on hemodialysis
⚡️Most AV access associated complications are due to vascular stenosis👇🏽 2/
⚡️Vascular Access care has evolved over the past 60 years:
-Scribner’s Shunt in 1960 ➡️
-Brescia-Cimino AVF in 1966 ➡️
-1st Balloon Angioplasty in 1981 ➡️
-1st Bare Metal Stent in 1988 ➡️
-1st Covered Stent in 1996 ➡️
-DCB use in 2012 3/
⚡️SGLT2i adverse events data from the major SGLT2i trials including the CV outcomes trials, Heart failure trials, CREDENCE trial and DAPA-CKD Trial
⚡️Overall the serious adverse events associated with SGLT2i use were lower than the adverse events seen with placebo use in most of the large SGLT2i trials👇🏽
⚡️SGLT2i associated adverse events were similar across the eGFR spectrum meaning that low eGFR was not associated with higher risk of adverse events compared to high eGFR - as seen in the CREDENCE trial👇🏽
⚡️Limiting Spread of Infection in the HD unit by @KidneySW
Some key pearls 💎
⚡️The 1st patient to die due to COVID-19 in the United States was a Hemodialysis patient (died on 28th Feb, 2020)
⚡️How contagious is SARS-CoV-2 virus?
⚡️More contagious than Influenza but less contagious than Measles
⚡️Each SARS-CoV-2 positive person can infect 3 more people👇🏽
⚡️ESKD patients are 5x more likely to have COVID-19 than other Medicare beneficiaries
⚡️ESKD patients are 8x more likely to be hospitalized due to COVID-19 than other Medicare beneficiaries👇🏽