Difference-in-differences design exploits exogenous variation in origin country #citizenship legislation to identify the treatment effect of destination country policy reform.
I had a look at party positions on #citizenship in 13 election manifestoes.
What did I find…?
1. Right-wing restriction 2. Left-wing silence / ambiguity 3. Small liberal center 4. New diaspora capture
A thread /
#1. Right-wing restriction
No surprise. Parties on center-right (VVD), orthodox Christian right (SGP) & populist right (FvD, PVV) advocate citizenship stripping.
‘Freedom’ Party PVV advocates restrictions of #dualcitizens (eg military)
FvD & SGP against pathway to citizenship.
#2. Left-wing silence / ambiguity I
The Greens (GL) & orthodox Socialist Party (SP) are silent on citizenship.
Labour Party (PvdA) somewhat ambiguous on #dualcitizenship: ‘no sign of lack of loyalty, but want to help people get rid of other citizenship, if they want’.