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Florian Krammer Profile picture
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15 Mar, 4 tweets, 2 min read
1) The NDV-S vaccine that Peter Palese's lab (with some help from Adolfo García-Sastre's and my lab) developed was injected into first volunteers today in Vietnam (Phase I). @McLellan_Lab contributed his HexaPro construct.
vtv.vn/video/ban-tin-… (starts at minute 2:16)
2) The vaccine is based on an NDV vector that has SARS-CoV-2 spike on its surface. This version of the vaccine is inactivated (a life, intranasal version is in development as well) and can be produced at low cost in existing influenza vaccine production capacity.
3) And it worked very well in protecting mice and hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Here are some references for anybody interested. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… and ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
4) We do not have any US or European partners for developing this, by the way.

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More from @florian_krammer

Florian Krammer Profile picture
27 Feb
1) There are a lot of questions about how fully vaccinated individuals should behave. I don't have good solutions either, but I have some thoughts. First of all, we are seeing more and more data about how well vaccination works in a real live setting. There are recent studies...
2) ...from Israel (nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…; thelancet.com/journals/lance…) and Scotland (papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cf…) showing high vaccine effectiveness in the population. That is just awesome and a reason to celebrate for all of us. On the other side you need to keep in mind....
3)...that vaccination, while highly effective, doesn't remove all risk. There are cases of symptomatic infection even after two vaccinations, keep that in mind. These cases might be mild, but they can occur. The protection you can expect from being vaccinated is driven....
Read 15 tweets
Florian Krammer Profile picture
14 Feb
1) Ich hab einen Vorschlag. Der AstraZeneca Impfstoff wirkt gegen alle in Europa zirkulierenden SARS-CoV-2 Viren ausser B.1.351. Aber B.1.351 ist bisher selten, auch in Gegenden wo man es in Europa detektiert hat (z.B. Tirol). Jetzt gibts viel Widerstand gegen den Impfstoff....
2)....und alle wollen die RNA Impfstoffe. Von denen gibts aber nicht genug im Moment. Eine der Hauptsorgen ist, dass es nicht klar ist ob man mit einem an Varianten angepassten RNA Impfstoff auf AstraZeneca 'draufimpfen' kann wenns notwendig wird bzw....
3)....wenn sich rausstellt dass die 'normalen' RNA Impfstoffe gegen alle Varianten gut wirken, ob man dann mit denen nachimpfen kann wenn man schon den AstraZeneca Impfstoff bekommen hat. Aus immunologischer Sicht waere sowas vermutlich kein Problem. Ganz im Gegenteil....
Read 11 tweets
Florian Krammer Profile picture
10 Feb
1) Dr. Paunic's excellent Tweet started a lot of discussions about how much we know about immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in immunosuppressed patients. Of course, trials in some patient populations are under way. But, getting the results will take some time.....
2)...and there are so many different types and degrees of immunosuppression. Also, a lot of affected people are getting themselves tested for antibodies after vaccination. A systematic approach to collect and analyze all that data globally would be great.....
3)...and maybe somebody (a scientific society? a research team?) can take that on and generate a database to which physicians and patients can contribute data? Just throwing that idea out there.
Read 4 tweets
Florian Krammer Profile picture
7 Feb
1) Es geht hier nicht nur um Tirol. Es waere sehr wichtig B.1.351 (und in Zukunft aehnliche Varianten, speziell welche mit der E484K Mutation) schnell zu finden (aka alles Sequenzieren, und zwar innerhalb von Stunden, nicht Tagen)....
2)..., lokal zu Tracen und wenn noetig lokale Massnahmen zu treffen. Und zwar ohne politische Reibereien. Daten und Sequenzen muessen ohne Barrieren zwischen Bund und Laendern geteilt werden. Contact Tracing von Faellen muss schnell und reibungslos funktionieren.
3) Es geht ja nicht darum, ein Bundesland zu bestrafen, sondern darum solche Varianten schnell unter Kontrolle zu bringen. Vielleicht sollte man ein paar mobile Sequenzierlabors einrichten die man vor Ort schicken kann. Ich mein, ein MinION braucht recht wenig Platz.
Read 5 tweets
Florian Krammer Profile picture
29 Jan
1) The low efficacy of the Novavax vaccine candidate against the B.1.351 is concerning. However, the data is also reassuring in many ways. First, the vaccine itself worked very well against the 'old' SARS-CoV-2 variants and the B.1.1.7 (UK) variant. Also, the vaccine...
2) ...seems to work almost as well in HIV positive individuals as in HIV negative individuals. And, vaccine efficacy against B.1.351 seemed markedly reduced, but still present. This was against symptomatic disease in general. It is very likely, that the efficacy against....
3)...severe disease is much higher. There are also some other things we can learn here. Novavax was reporting very high neutralization titers from their initial clinical phases, around 1:3500. Now, we see that there is a reduction in neutralization against B.1.351....
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Florian Krammer Profile picture
26 Jan
1) So, this morning I promised a little tweetorial about variants and here we go. This will be from a vaccine/antibody point of view only, I won't comment on how infectious they are or if they are more pathogenic (I'll leave that to Boris Johnson 😉).
2) There are currently two variants for which there are insightful data sets. One is B.1.1.7 (aka the British variant) and the other one is B.1.351 (aka the South African variant). Let's start with B.1.1.7, which is easier. There is also more data. B.1.1.7 has a number of....
3)....mutations. Two are of special concern when it comes to vaccines since they might influence neutralizing epitopes. One is a change in position 501 (N501Y). This is located in the receptor binding domain of the virus were a lot of neutralizing antibodies bind. The other....
Read 44 tweets

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