Thread by @GeneSoc1983

Genetic engineering can be used to transfigure human stem cells and study infectious diseases, genetic disorders, and cancers. Human organoids are 3D culture systems derived from stem cells.

Organoid models allow standard conformation because they came from cell sources that can be expanded over time. With recombinant DNA technology, the possibility to recreate the architecture and physiology of organs in the human body with remarkable detail heightened.

It provides scientific opportunities to unravel scientific studies regarding human diseases that are not yet explored, as well as complement animal models, to understand diseases without actually affecting public health.

In order to understand the tissue tropism of SARS-CoV-2, organoid models were used to demonstrate how the virus could directly infect the capillaries and kidney by explaining the spread of the virus through the body and its effect on the function of the kidney in severely ill --

individuals. Due to human brain organoids, researchers discovered that SARS-CoV-2 targets human neurons, which produces detrimental effects on the Central Nervous System (CNS).

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References:
Kim, J., Koo, B., & Knoblich, J.A. (2020). 𝘏𝘶𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘰𝘳𝘨𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘪𝘥𝘴: 𝘮𝘰𝘥𝘦𝘭 𝘴𝘺𝘴𝘵𝘦𝘮𝘴 𝘧𝘰𝘳 𝘩𝘶𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘣𝘪𝘰𝘭𝘰𝘨𝘺 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘮𝘦𝘥𝘪𝘤𝘪𝘯𝘦. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 21, 571-584. doi: 10.1038/s41580-020-0259-3

Ramani, A., Pranty, A., & Gopalakrishnan, J. (2021). 𝘕𝘦𝘶𝘳𝘰𝘵𝘳𝘰𝘱𝘪𝘤 𝘦𝘧𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘴 𝘰𝘧 𝘚𝘈𝘙𝘚-𝘊𝘰𝘝-2 𝘮𝘰𝘥𝘦𝘭𝘦𝘥 𝘣𝘺 𝘵𝘩𝘦 𝘩𝘶𝘮𝘢𝘯 𝘣𝘳𝘢𝘪𝘯 𝘰𝘳𝘨𝘢𝘯𝘰𝘪𝘥𝘴. Stem Cell Reports, 16, 1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.007