Hausa barbers are renowned for a knowledge of surgical procedures the four major surgical procedures performed by Hausa barbers: cupping, uvulectomy, circumcision, and tattooing.Cupping, known as 'Kaho' in Hausa. Kaho is an art of removing poisonous blood from the body. Image
Cupping: Making the incisions.⠀

The body is Treated and the air is sucked out, creating a partial vacuum inside.The top of the horn is then capped with a small piece of tendon, slipped into place by the barber's tongue as he draws out the air. Image
The horn is allowed to remain on the skin until it raises a welt, at which time it is removed. The welt is then washed with water and a series of cuts are made with the razor within the circle outlined by the horn-usually three rows of five vertical cuts each Image
although there is no special significance to the pattern of the cuts. ⠀

The horn is then replaced over the welt, the air is removed, and the horn is again capped with a piece of tendon and allowed to set. Blood is gradually drawn out of the shallow cuts made by the barber and Image
coagulates inside the horn. From time to time in the course of the treatment the barber will remove the horn, shake out the dark, congealed blood into a gourd filled with sand, and reapply suction to the horn. The dark blood thus obtained is regarded as the "dead blood"
responsible for the area of swelling or the patient's lassitude and feeling of listlessness. ⠀

Approximately one or two table-spoons of congealed blood is obtained from each cupping horn in the course of this procedure.The practice is very common and there is scarcely a
single person in a Hausa village-man, woman, or child who if examined will not bear the telltale series of small lines of scars somewhere where he or she has been cupped. ⠀

An alternative,but less common method involves the use of a small, round gourd instead of a cow's horn.
A hole is cut in the side of a dried gourd and a piece of cotton is placed inside. The cotton is then set alight and the gourd is placed over the area to be cupped. The flame inside the gourd uses up the oxygen, creating a partial vacuum suficient to provide suction Image
Foreigners copied this technique & have been using it in their massage parlours.

It is an African invention.

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