I really enjoyed the new book on @naval. Here are my favourite quotes from it (1/x):
"You're not going to get rich renting out your time. You must own equity - a piece of a business - to gain your financial freedom."
Mostly true, in my experience. Either way, you need to build up assets that belong to you alone, and not your employer.
"You will get rich by giving society what it wants but does not yet know how to get. At scale."
Emphasis on 'at scale'.
"Fortunes require leverage. Business leverage comes from capital, people, and products with no marginal cost of replication (code and media)."
= You typically get rich from scaling with capital or employing tons of individuals (e.g. Foxconn) or zero marginal cost of reproduction
"Set and enforce an aspirational personal hourly rate. If fixing a problem will save less than your hourly rate, ignore it."
Outsourcing to Upwork and Fiverr can save so much head-ache and money. Value your time and use it wisely.
"Become the best in the world at what you do. Keep redefining what you do until this is true."
Avoiding competition, seeking a niche is the best way to get loyal customers.
"Impatience with actions, patience with results."
Have to be patient with results because you're dealing with complex systems and many people. It takes a long time for people to get comfortable working with each other.
"When you're thirty, what advice would you give your twenty-five-year old self?"
Perhaps follow the same advice today.
"World's simplest diet. The more processed the food, the less one should consume."
I.e. ditch the food invented in the last few hundred years.
"To make an original contribution, you have to be irrationally obsessed with something."
If you're just taking cues and feedback from what you're doing, you'll fold as many others have before you.
"If you can't see yourself working with someone for life, don't work with them for a day."
Things will turn out better if you enjoy your life today.
"The more you know, the less you diversify."
Is Naval talking about marriage here? J/k, this holds true in many respects including investing.
"To be honest, speak without identity."
If you identify as a support of a political party or anything else, this will cloud your judgment. People with big egos will forever battle the external world so that it lines up with their own egos.
"To win at status games, you have to put somebody else down. That's why you should avoid status games in your life - they make you into an angry combative person."
Instead, seek positive-sum games by adding value to people's lives.
“I have money in the bank that I don’t know what to do with. I have never invested in stocks before. Where do I begin?”
I'm not a financial advisor but I can relate. You want to compound your capital but also be prudent and not gamble. Here is my advice
Some general advice:
• Diversify broadly. If you don't know what you're doing, just buy everything.
• Avoid leverage. Ruin kills compounding.
• Make contrarian bets. Buy before others do.
• Focus on long-term value. The long-term is easier to predict than the short-term.
1. First invest in freehold property with leverage
Most people who buy property do well because:
• True underlying inflation is probably 3%+
• You can use 5x leverage if not more
That causes the return on your initial housing deposit to reach double-digits. Hard to beat.
"How did you go bankrupt?
Gradually, then suddenly."
- Ernest Hemingway
Warning signs in the early "gradual" phase
• Shipments slow down
• Quality slips a bit
• Inventories build compared to sales
• Payables are extended
• Gross margins erode a bit
• Cash balances are falling
Warning signs in the late "gradual" phase
• Production problems
• Material shortages (mgmt tries to conserve cash)
• AR days go up
• Payables > 60 days
• Cash balances low
• Hard to meet payroll
• Credit facilities in technical default
• Employee morale is failing
"You don't know what anything is worth unless you know what can go wrong."
A 2.5-hour interview is perhaps overkill. But Anthony Deden is a smart man.
Key factors he looks at when analysing companies:
Scarcity
Permanence
Independence
What can go wrong?
Would you re-hire CEO if you were the controlling shareholder?
"I have never met a company that has grown subject to just acquisitions... When you look at something reliant on acquisitions or financial engineering, you are looking at an accident waiting to happen."