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Ugra

@_ugra_

27 Apr

Duarte Barbosa, the portuguese writer describes the women of Vijayanagara. He says:

1) They were beautiful
2) Well trained in singing & dancing
3) Wore cotton or silk garments
4) Wore leather footwear
5) Heads were uncovered
6) Tied their hair
7) Decorated hair with flowers (1)

8) Wore nosepin studded with precious gems.
9) Wore earrings, necklaces of gold, coral beads.
10) Wore gold bangles with coral beads.
11) Described as extremely wealthy.

(2)

Domingo Paes, another Portuguese traveler who spent much time during the reign of Shri Krishnadevaraya gives a similar description on the attire & ornaments of Vijayanagara women.

(3)

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Ugra

@_ugra_

26 Apr

Short THREAD on Medical education in ancient Bharat.

Important points:

1) Candidates from all 4 Varnas were eligible to enroll as medical students.

2) Special Upanayana ceremony was conducted for students seeking admission to medical courses.

(1)

3) The student was expected to be proficient in Sanskrit.

4) Rote learning was discouraged. This is said by the great Sushruta himself.

5) Different medical specialization courses were offered.

6) Emphasis was laid on practical training in surgery & pharmacy.

(2)

7) Beginner students were taught how to hold medical instruments by teachers. They practiced dissection procedures first on pumpkins, cucumbers followed by dead animals.

8) Students were also taught suturing techniques.

(3)

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Ugra

@_ugra_

25 Apr

PV Kane in his book "History of Dharmashastras" gives us the chief reason for the decline of Buddhism in India.

1)People realised the dangers of buddhist teachings of constantly being preach on how the world is a place of suffering & giving up on all desires etc

(1)

2)Hindu concept of 4 Ashrama system gave men a real purpose in life. Inculcated discipline in them, unlike Buddhist philosophy that threatened the very stability & continuance of human society that gradually led to loss of physical & mental vitality, idleness & race suicide (2)

3)Later Buddhists strayed so much from the original teachings of buddha, in the process they simply ended up copying Hindu ideals like Bhakti. The line between Buddhism & Hinduism got so thin that the former got subsumed in the vast superior ocean that is Hindu dharma.

(3)

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Ugra

@_ugra_

23 Apr

A few rules laid down in the Dharmashastras on do's & dont's before going to sleep.

1)feet must not be wet
2)head must not be placed in north or west
3)should not sleep naked
4)should not sleep below a beam
5)should not sleep in temples
6)should not sleep in unoccupied houses.

7)should not sleep on bed of elders
8)should not sleep on bedstead of elderly.
9)should not sleep before washing hands & mouth after eating.
10)should not sleep during day & twilight hours.
11)should not sleep on top of mountain.

12)should not sleep on same bed with person suffering from fever, asthama etc.

Do's
1)pray to ishta devata before sleep.
2)keep bamboo stick near bed.
3)keep a jar of water near the head.
4)praying to Maha Vishnu will result in good sleep.

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Ugra

@_ugra_

21 Apr

The Pauranika description of Ayodhya nagara. It was first described by Narada muni to Skanda, who in turn describes it to Agastya muni.

The below Shlokas describe Ayodhya on the banks of the Sarayu river as a magnificent city on par with Indra's abode Amaravati. (1)

Ayodhya is described as a city full of elephants, horses, chariots & foot soldiers. It tops all cities in its richness & prosperity. It has numerous broad roads & great rampart walls & golden arched gateways resembling mountain ridges & peaks. (An artist's impression) (2)

Ayodhya's squares & crossroads are well planned and neatly maintained. There are many storeyed palaces with numerous artistic alterations & modifications in the walls. It is rendered splendid by many tanks with excellent water abounding in full blown lotuses. (3)

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Ugra

@_ugra_

3 Apr

https://twitter.com/subhash_kak/status/1378409370350931978

Undoubtedly. His legendary work, the Samarangana Sutradhara has no parallel for its time. In this particular chapter in the Samarangana called Yantra-vidhanam, he describes the method of building pretty advanced mechanical devices like Golakabhramana, Jalayantra & many other.

https://twitter.com/subhash_kak/status/1378409370350931978

Bhoja talks about a number of advanced mechanical devices which he calls as "Yantras"

He defines a Yantra as " The device by which the mahabhutas like earth,water,fire,air & ether are controlled. When the free & natural activities of these mahabhutas...cont...

..,the primary elements are made to act in a particular manner by means of some device, it is an Yantra"

Bhoja also classifies these Yantra into 2 types.

1) Svayamvahakam (Automatic devices)
2) Sakrt Preryam (Device that requires occasional propelling)

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