So, I've been thinking about how to properly respond to this...and there's really no way to do that because we will never be able to take our ecosystems from Earth to other planets.

What Musk proposes here is (as @Myrmecos pointed out) simply impossible.
Let's say, for funsies, that we're able to build some kind of ark.

Well, that ark will only hold the critters humans know about. Maybe the occasional weirdo hanging out on someone else, but heavy bias.
On any practical level, we cannot create an ecosystem.

Yes, ecospheres are a thing. However, it's an ecosystem which supports a handful of species.

No real food webs.
If we extend this to popular culture, there's a reason Star Trek has really only been able to predict advances in consumer products.

Technology is easy to predict through extrapolation.

We can't do that with biology.

scientificamerican.com/article/how-go…
If you want to see how well Star Trek does with agriculture, @SarahTaber_bww has a FANTASTIC thread on this topic which is worth a read on its own.

The TL;DR is that the ag sitch is...kinda horrifying.

This isn't really because it's a prediction for the future, but rather it's because nobody's really ever been able to invent a system for food growth which doesn't depend on externalities for basic nutrient cycling.

It's just not something anyone can imagine.
We can apply this to exoplanet ecosystems.

Getting the ability to simply grow food on another planet could take hundreds, if not thousands, of years.

On Earth, 1 inch of topsoil takes ~100 years to form.

You need at least 6 inches of soil to grow corn.

600 years, best case.
So, now extend that outwards.

It would probably take a millennium to get enough soil to grow a monoculture. One plant species.

We don't actually KNOW what the majority of animals on this planet need for food. We also don't know the exact symbionts the majority of plants need.
In order to make life interplanetary, we actually need to know some basic things...like how to rear whatever we want to transport through the entire journey.

With over a million named insect species, and ~5M to be discovered, we have rearing protocols for...maybe a few thousand?
What Musk is suggesting here is impossible on any practical level.

Even if it weren't impossible, species are vanishing far more quickly than we'd be able to build an ark.
When it comes to biology, Musk has zero credibility...and whatever he says, whether it's about cloning dinosaurs or transporting ecosystems, needs to be ignored.

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More from @BugQuestions

6 May
In 1875, a series of locust swarms the size of California ripped through the Western frontier

Blotting out the sun and causing the modern equivalent of $4 billion in damages, major famines followed in their wake

In 1902, just 25 years later, the species went extinct

#DeepDive Image
The grasshopper, the Rocky Mountian locust, was once the most numerous animal on the planet.

So numerous, that entomologists didn't bother to collect them.

The only specimens came from a glacier in Montana, which has since melted b/c global warming

formontana.net/grasshopper.ht…
The Rocky Mountain Locust, Melanoplus spreta, once had a range which covered almost the entirety of the US.

It was a highly mobile species which had been collected from Nevada all the way to St. Louis.

It bred mostly in the Rocky Mountain river basin. Image
Read 20 tweets
9 Jun 20
When the first white settlers arrived in Montana, the native Salish people warned them to not settle the West side of the Bitterroot River.

Ignoring these warnings, a small group of people colonized that side of the river.

Three quarters-75%-died of a mysterious disease. Image
The Bitterroot river carves out a 75 mile canyon in Western Montana.

It's not deep at all, averaging only about 3 feet. Animals and humans cross it very easily, and it's not really a barrier to any kind of travel.

The Salish believed evil spirits lived in the area.
Saint Mary's mission, founded in 1841, was the first permanent European settlement in Montana.

The European settlers weren't very nice to the natives, and the poor relationship caused the mission to close.
Read 17 tweets
31 Dec 18
For our last #DeepDive of 2018, let's talk about a mosquito that you'll be hearing a lot about in 2019.

Aedes aegypti is one of the most important disease vectors in the world.

So...what makes it a good vector, and why is it found worldwide?
Ae. aegypti is a mosquito that's originally from sub-Saharan Africa, adapted to living in the holes in trees.

This genus has a unique egg laying behavior. They lay their eggs on surfaces above water, and those eggs are dormant until the hole fills up.

flic.kr/p/8gXkQf
In it's home range, there are two color forms.

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It's that second one which more or less took over the world.
Read 12 tweets
30 Dec 18
This question, inspired by our cricket packaging thread, is another excellent question.

Even if we're not releasing mosquitoes, why do we need to breed them in captivity?

There's a few reasons...
The most important is a reference strain. Lots of mosquitoes were being bred in labs before pesticides were introduced, so we *know* they're not resistant to them.

If we're curious about a modern population, we can compare and use them as a standard.
Besides reference strains for pesticides, we know that the lab reference strains can transmit most of the 'normal' diseases that Ae. aegypti spread.

However, not all populations of Ae. aegypti spread every disease.

Why is that?

Scientists need to know!

journals.plos.org/plosntds/artic…
Read 5 tweets
30 Dec 18
In relation to that *amazing* cricket unboxing story comes this really awesome question.

How do you get 1,000 SUPER JUMPY crickets into a box in the first place?

Turns out, that's actually a surprisingly easy thing to do.

(Thread)
There is no shortage of videos/guides on how to rear crickets.

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...but how do you move them from the rearing box to a shipping box?

It turns out that there are specialized tools for this.

One such tool, that you've probably seen in petstores is a cricket funnel.

This allows you to measure small amounts of crickets by volume, essentially you know roughly how many crickets are needed to reach a certain point.
Read 8 tweets
25 Dec 18
For our first #DeepDive since our hiatus, let's talk about a disease that we'll be hearing *a lot* about in our near future: Huanglongbing, or Citrus Greening disease.

Specifically, how do we know the disease even exists?

flic.kr/p/gUx9AN
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HLB was first described in Western science journals in 1919.

However, farmers in China had known about the disease for several generations and had called it 'Yellow dragon disease' and the earliest written records dated back to the 1870s.

It was likely known even before that.
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