Emran El-Badawi Profile picture
May 9, 2021 10 tweets 4 min read Read on X
#HappyMothersDay.

Did you know that stories of Fatimah al-Zahra’ (daughter of prophet Muhammad) portray her as regnal heir and mother goddess?

Check it out!
Fatimah was most sought-after bride by rapacious Qurashi noblemen rushing to succeed Muhammad as ‘king of Arabia’. He refused to give his daughter’s hand in marriage to the shrewd Abu Bakr or furious ‘Umar, but consented to the request of his young cousin and confidant ‘Ali.
Rejected suitors were clearly offended & came into conflict with Fatimah after Muhammad’s passing when they disputed her birthright, & when ‘Umar is said to have mortally wounded her, & when Abu Bakr offered apologies during the intervening days before her untimely death
Both Fatimah and husband ‘Ali form the political and religious foundation of the Islamic holy family (ahl al-bayt) and Shii Imamate. Fatimah was the mother to the slain martyr al-Husayn, in part modeled after Mary the mother of the slain Messiah Jesus.
Fatimah was, therefore, in the spirit of her lamenting mourning and predecessors, seen as “mistress of the House of Sorrows, both in this world and in the world to come” (El Cheikh)
According to an abundance of reports, Muhammad’s unique benediction and beatitude over their marriage clearly made them special, in the manner expected were they to accede to the throne of Arabia’s next queen and king.
Reports claim ‘Ali bestowed as his dowry to Fatimah, a metal shield bestowed upon him from Muhammad. This demonstrates, among other things, Fatimah’s inheritance of political power wielded by Arabian female nobility, recalling the lance & shield of Allat/Athena & counterparts.
Recent scholarship explores Fatimah’s existential challenge, tragic fate and lasting curse according to the topoi and literary instruments of the ancient Greek tragedy, Antigone.
But there is more. Various symbolism used to characterize Fatimah demonstrates her regnal deification as queen of heaven. You can read the details in my upcoming book on female power & male prophecy in late antique Arabia!
See further:

Ibn Sa‘d, Kitab al-tabaqat al-kabir, Cairo: Maktabat al-Khanji, 2001, VOL 10.

Ali Shariati, Fatemeh fatemeh ast, Tehran: Nashr-i-Ayat, 1978.

Ouardi, Les Califes maudits: Volume 1: La déchirure, Paris: Albin Michel, 2019.

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More from @emrane

Aug 18, 2023
New Book:

How the Qur'ān Works: Reading Sacred Narrative

By Leyla Ozgur Alhassen

global.oup.com/academic/produ…
Table of Contents
List of Figures and Tables

Acknowledgements

1. Introduction: Why Repetition?
2. Chapter Two: Repetition in Structure: Parallels, Reversals and Triangles
3. Chapter Three: Repetition in the Qur'anic Story of Musa
4. Chapter Four: Repetition and the Portrayal...
of Time in the Story of Musa and Harun in the Qur'an
5. Chapter Five: Echoing Phrases, Words and Actions in Qur'anic Stories: Exchange Encounters, Fasting, Feasting and Faith
6. Chapter Six: Repetition in Surat al-Shu'ara: Prophethood, Power and Inspiration
Read 4 tweets
Dec 24, 2022
#MerryChristmas

Did you know scholars increasingly believe Arabia was predominantly monotheistic by 6th C, even Christian?

The background of Christian Arabia set the scene for how queens and prophets exercised power, and changed our world.
We have virtually no evidence of an Arabic-speaking church prior to the spread of Islam. What we have are early Arabic inscriptions demonstrating that by the 5-6th C, Christianity had reached truly remote fringes of Arabian society.
These include Hima (Yemen), and Zabad (Syria). However, the brief honorific or funerary nature of these writings do not divulge to what church those communities belonged.
Read 7 tweets
Feb 14, 2021
#HappyValentines

How did the Romans and Arabs of late antiquity settle their conflict? With a Love Story!

The 1st Arab-Roman marriage in recorded history saved the empire & birthed Christian Arabia. It's also a lesson in Diversity going back almost two millenia

Check it out!
After beating the Roman-Byzantines on the battlefield. The defender of Arabia—Queen Mavia (d. 425; Mawiyah bt. ‘Afzar, malikat al-‘arab)—enacted a peace agreement with Emperor Valens (d. 378). She was now bound to Constantinople by peace treaty (Cf. Lat. foedus).
The Queen dispatched her Tanukhid military auxiliaries to fight the Goths in Thrace. But she first gave her daughter, Chasidat, in marriage to a Roman officer named Victor.
Read 8 tweets
Nov 13, 2020
Want to get MARRIED? Wondering why modern MARRIAGE is so complicated? Behold!

There were over 20 MARRIAGE TYPES and conjugal unions in late antique Arabia.

Check it out!

(forgive preliminary mistakes)
Bukhari reports a Hadith listing four types of pre-Islamic marriages,
To summarize:

(1) Polygamous Marriage (nikah al-nas, al-sadaq or al-bu‘ulah)
(2) Breeding Marriage (nikah al-istibda‘; al-istifhal; al-musharakah)
(3) Polyandrous Group Marriage (nikah al-raht; al-sifah)
(4) Polyandrous Temporary Marriage (nikah al-baghaya; al-rayat or mut‘ah)
Read 11 tweets
Nov 2, 2020
Tomorrow is the world’s most anticipated democratic election.

But did you the only person to explicitly condemn absolute DICTATORSHIP and hold PARLIAMENT in the Qur’an was a WOMAN ?

Check it out!

#USElections2020 #ElectionDay #Democracy
Q 27:23-44 re-tells the biblical story of King Solomon conquering the Queen of Sheba (Saba’, South Arabia), & made famous in the medieval Ethiopian national epic, “the Glory of Kings” (Kebra nagast). In the passage following the hoopoe’s mission, king Solomon sends a stern letter
..demanding the queen’s unconditional surrender (vv. 28-31). Upon receiving the harshly worded epistle the queen, like all true leaders, soberly consults with her advisors without whom she makes no decision (v. 32).
Read 12 tweets
Oct 9, 2020
Did you know the final ARABIAN GODDESS WAS BLACK?

Read the finale:

"Destruction of al-‘Uzza" (Part 3/3)

Check it out!
Two decades after passing of the Lakhmid king, Muhammad undertook national conquest of Arabia, this time not in the name of Christianity, but Islam. This new world did not take kindly to goddesses.

After its desecration by Christian iconoclast...

..Zuhayr b. Janab al-Kalbi, destruction of al-‘Uzza’s shrine at Nakhlah came at hands of Khalid b. al-Walid; ‘Ali b. Abi Talib smashed idol of Manat at Qudayn, near the Red Sea & al-Mughirah b. Shu‘bah claimed Allat’s shrine in Ta’if

Read 13 tweets

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