Thread by @MSS3RosaFerreum

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick Probably many of those “rapes” weren’t rape. DNA evidence suggests that between a fifth and a quarter of rapes women report are either completely false or misidentify the rapist. There isn’t statistically significant data regarding false rape allegations from male victims.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick It is worth noting that, of the rape allegations that are reported and where DNA testing has been performed, apparently "the current 'exclusion' rate [of rape suspects] for forensic DNA labs [is] close to 25 percent" according to Rockne Harmon (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick "Every year since 1989, in about 25 percent of the sexual assault cases referred to the FBI where results could be obtained…, the primary suspect has been excluded by forensic DNA testing" according to Peter Neufeld, Esq., and Barry C. Scheck (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick In further support, consider "Convicted by Juries, Exonerated by Science: Case Studies in the Use of DNA Evidence to Establish Innocence After Trial" by Edward Connors, Thomas Lundregan, Neal Miller, and Tom McEwen published in June 1996 (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick "In each of the 28 cases [in this study], a defendant was convicted of a crime or crimes and serving a sentence of incarceration… [and i]n each case, the results showed that there was not a [DNA] match, and the defendant was ultimately set free" (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…, ch. 2).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick More disturbing still, "[a]ll cases, except for homicides, involved victim identification both prior to and at trial… [and m]any cases also had additional eyewitness identification…" (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…, ch. 2).

Note that this is similar to the @innocence project data.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence 69% of the exonerations involving the @innocence project involved eyewitness misidentification and 32% of those cases involved multiple misidentifications of the same person (innocenceproject.org/dna-exoneratio…). There is a reason science doesn't use eyewitness testimony as evidence!

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence Similarly, "[i]n about 23 percent of the 21,621 cases, DNA test results excluded suspects, according to respondent[ laboratories, and in a]n additional 16 percent of the cases, approximately, [the DNA test] yielded inconclusive results" (ncjrs.gov/txtfiles/dnaev…, ch. 2).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence Moreover, the @FBI has indicated that false rape accusations are 400% greater than for other crimes (ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u…). So, let's turn to the work of scholars and what those scholars found reviewing the literature, shall we?

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Consider Philip N.S. Rumney, "False Allegations of Rape," 65 _Cambridge Law Journal_ 128 (2006) (available: eprints.uwe.ac.uk/6478/1/Downloa…) who reviewed a number of the studies that are often cited in these discussions. This is NOT a metastudy, but it is a law review article.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Since I don't really expect you to do much footwork, @eminently_me5, here are the studies that Mr. Rumney considered that the false rape allegation percentage found by each (from 65 Cambridge Law Journal 136–137):

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "There has also been a failure to acknowledge the methodological limitations of much of the existing research and the state of our current understanding of the rate of false allegations." 65 Cambridge Law Journal 157–158.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "As a consequence of such deficiencies within legal scholarship, factual claims have been repeatedly made that have only limited empirical support." 65 Cambridge Law Journal 158.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "This suggests a widespread analytical failure on the part of legal scholarship and requires an acknowledgment of the weakness of assumptions that have been constructed upon unreliable research evidence." 65 Cambridge Law Journal 158.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[I]n the last three decades[,] there has been a lack of critical analysis by those who claim a low false reporting rate and the uncritical adoption of unreliable research findings." 65 Cambridge Law Journal 157.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Now also consider Edward Greer, "The Truth Behind Legal Dominance Feminism's Two Percent False Rape Claim Figure," 33 _Loyola of Los Angeles Law Review_ 947 (2000) (available at digitalcommons.lmu.edu/llr/vol33/iss3…) whose work was reviewed by Philip N.S. Rumney in the law review cited above.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "At the core of [feminist] discourse on rape is … that 'women don't lie' about sexual abuse. The foundation for such a … statement is … that false accusations of rape are very rare; specifically, …no more than [2%] of such complaints are invalid." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 948.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "Despite the plethora of … citations, it turns out that there is … only one[] underlying source [for the 2% figure]—feminist publicist Susan Brownmiller's interpretation of some data… of unknown provenance from a single police department unit." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 955–956.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "…Professor Deborah Rhode['s] belief that "two percent false = other felonies" is a consensus fact that… likely comes from having perused numerous … feminist articles and books which …recycle it from… Susan Brownmiller's _Against Our Will_." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 958.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[Feminist] literature advances the proposition that 'women don't lie about rape' as an axiomatic substrate to their proposed policy changes fueled by the purported two percent false claim figure." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 960.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[A]ccording to [feminists], since only two percent of rape claims are false, this conviction rate is radically insufficient to achieve justice for women within the legal system." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 962.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[B]ecause of its axiom that virtually all complaints of rape are legitimate, a …goal of [feminism] is to reform the legal definition of 'consent' in rape… to become more favorable to women, thereby making conviction at trial easier to accomplish." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 962–963.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[B]lack men are no more likely to rape than white men. The radical disproportion in rape imprisonment rates can then be seen as a… marker as to just how racist the criminal …process… actually is. [Feminism's] proposal is implicitly racist." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 969–971.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "It seems clear that the [2%] false claim figure… has no basis in fact. Since this figure is …unsupported, there is no justification for shifting the burden of proof or redefining consent in rape crimes in accordance with this figure." 33 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 971.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI From the @innocence project and similar organizations and programs, we know that not all those convicted are indeed guilty, we just don't know how many have actually been falsely convicted. However, the studies that calculate the false accusation rate assume convictions are true.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Crimes statistics are tricky because you must know whether the crime actually happened to evaluate whether the allegation is false, which is impossible for an outside observer. We use proxies (like inconsistencies) to guestimate false allegations, but those are quite imperfect.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Also, some witnesses are terrible and don't seem credible despite telling the truth and some witnesses are good liars who seem credible despite telling a complete falsehood. These phenomena together result in both false convictions and false acquittals, both of which are bad.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI You ask, @eminently_me5, if "women have much better memories than men," but ignore that the one-year rates of victimization for rape (when forced-to-penetrate is included) between men and women are very similar, but the lifetime rates are wildly different.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "Research tells us that 20% of critical details of a recognized event are irretrievable after one year from its occurrence and 50% are irretrievable after 5 years" (print.ispub.com/api/0/ispub-ar…, p. 1), which suggests that lifetime prevalence is less accurate.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI “[I]t has been concluded that the accuracy of recall in humans significantly depends on the time interval between the event and the time of its assessment: the longer the interval, the higher the probability of incorrect recalls” (print.ispub.com/api/0/ispub-ar…, pp. 1–2).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI National Resource Center on Domestic Violence notes “all self-report methods are subject to recall bias. The assessment of lifetime rape experiences may be more susceptible in this respect given the length of time from which women are asked to recall” (vawnet.org/material/under…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Given that DNA evidence suggests that between a fifth and a quarter of reported rapes are in some way misreported (and nearly all of those are probably by women), @eminently_me5, do you really think that women have better memories than men?

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Since you have repeatedly raised the issue, let's get into the nitty-gritty of the rape statistics though to see if there really is a gendered difference in victimization rates between men and women, shall we, @eminently_me5?

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI Consider “The Sexual Victimization of Men in America: New Data Challenge Old Assumptions” by feminist Lara Stemple and epidemiologist Ilan H. Meyer published in 2014 in the _American Journal of Public Health_, volume 104, issue 6, on pages e19–e26 (ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[F]ederal surveys detect a high prevalence of sexual victimization among men—in many circumstances similar to the prevalence found among women."

Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e19.

This analysis contradicts your assertions, @eminently_me5, despite using the same data.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "[I]n 2011[,] …the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS), …found that men and women had a similar prevalence of nonconsensual sex in the previous 12 months (1.270 million women and 1.267 million men)."

Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e19.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI "However unintentionally, the CDC’s publications and the media coverage that followed instead highlighted female sexual victimization, reinforcing public perceptions that sexual victimization is primarily a women’s issue."

Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e19.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI What Lara Stemple and Ilan H. Meyer are referring to can be seen in Table 1 from the September 5, 2014, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss…, p. 5). @CDCgov doesn't think men can be "raped."

Thanks, @melliflora, for collecting and editing the graphic.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora Similarly, @CathyYoung63 writes: "[t]he CDC study … seems to support a radical feminist narrative that … America is a 'rape culture' saturated with misogynistic violence. But a closer look at the data … raises some surprising question[s] about gender, victimization, and bias."

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "…[I]f the CDC figures are to be taken at face value, then we must also conclude that, far from being a product of patriarchal violence against women, 'rape culture' is a two-way street, with plenty of female perpetrators and male victims" (time.com/3393442/cdc-ra…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 And @CathyYoung63 continues: "if being made to penetrate someone was counted as rape—and why shouldn’t it be?—then the headlines could have focused on a truly sensational CDC finding: that women rape men as often as men rape women" (time.com/3393442/cdc-ra…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 According to the @CDCgov, 82.6% of men who were "made to penetrate" had only female perpetrators (cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss…, pp. 5–6); 79.3% of male "rape" victims had only male perpetrators (Id., p. 5) where "rape" is defined as "completed forced penetration" (Id., p. 11).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 So this raises the question, why does the @CDCgov separate out male rape victims into a separate category of "made to penetrate" rather than including male victimization in the "rape" statistic proper? The answer relates to the @FBI's problems with data collection regarding rape.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Note that "Methodological Issues in the Use of Survey Data for Measuring and Characterizing Violence Against Women" by Martin D. Schwartz (researchgate.net/publication/24…) is cited by the @CDCgov in that Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss…, p. 18).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Professor Schwartz cites Dr. Koss.

Martin D. Schwartz wrote "Methodological Issues in the Use of Survey Data for Measuring and Characterizing Violence Against Women" which was published in August 2000 in volume 6, issue 8, of _Violence Against Women_ (journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.117…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "North American researchers have tended to follow… Mary Koss's lead in dealing with sexual assault by asking behaviorally specific questions." Violence Against Women. 2000 August; 6(8): 816.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "[W]ithin the field of violence against women, there has been a great deal of controversy over the wording of questionnaires[, which] has consisted of attacks on Mary Koss's Sexual Experiences Survey (SES), which has been heavily used by other researchers…." Id. 829.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 The work of feminist and American Regents' Professor, Mary P. Koss, Ph.D., has made a mess of the statistics kept by @CDCgov and @FBI involving raped men and that undermined a lot of the studies based upon those statistics (as the work of Lara Stemple and Ilan H. Meyer reveals).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 American Regents' Professor Mary P. Koss, Ph.D., wrote “it is important to restrict the term rape to instances where male victims were penetrated by offenders. It is inappropriate to consider as a rape victim a man who engages in unwanted sexual intercourse with a woman.”

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 The above quote is from Mary P. Koss' "Detecting the Scope of Rape: A Review of Prevalence Research Methods" that was published in June 1993 in Volume 8, Number 2, of the _Journal of Interpersonal Violence_ on pages 206–207 (which is available at t.umblr.com/redirect?z=htt…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 To see the extent of Dr. Koss' influence on academic and professional scholarship as well as her influence within the government, read her curriculum vitae (publichealth.arizona.edu/sites/publiche…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @FBI wasn't counting lack-of-consent-rape as rape until 2012 (justice.gov/archives/opa/b…), but one could be prosecuted for lack-of-consent-rape by the American federal government regardless of gender since 1986 (congress.gov/bill/99th-cong…).

@FBI wasn't using the legal definition.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 To demonstrate what I am talking about hereinbelow is the federal rape statute I referenced earlier. Federal law uses "Sexual Abuse" rather than "Rape" as the term of art for the crime of rape (congress.gov/bill/99th-cong…) due to Senate Bill 1236 (in the 99th United States Congress).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 18 U.S.C. § 2242(1): “Whoever … knowingly … causes another person to engage in a sexual act by threatening or placing that other person in fear ….”

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 18 U.S.C. § 2242(2): “Whoever … knowingly … engages in a sexual act with another person [who] is… incapable of appraising the nature of the conduct; or… physically incapable of declining participation in, or communicating unwillingness to engage in, that sexual act….”

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Compare that to the definition of rape the @FBI used to count rapes prior to 2012 (which the @FBI termed "forcible rapes," which seems to be similar to the common law definition of rape with which most people seem familiar), which sounds like Dr. Koss' definition.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "Forcible rape… is the carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will. Assaults or attempts to commit rape by force or threat of force are also included; however, statutory rape (without force) and other sex offenses are excluded" (ucr.fbi.gov/crime-in-the-u…, p. 23).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 In this context, the @FBI and @CDCgov using an alternative definition of rape from the rest of the federal government, Congress, and the states is really weird, but in line with the scholarship of feminists like Dr. Koss (whose contributions are well documented).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 For example, Dr. Koss received the 2000 Award for Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy because "[h]er work has had a profound impact on public policies at national, state, and local levels" (psycnet.apa.org/record/2000-14…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 The @FBI and the @CDCgov using these alternative definitions to count rapes fuels feminist propaganda supporting falsities (like the vast majority of the rape victims are women) as noted by feminist Lara Stemple and Ilan H. Meyer. Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e19.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Let's return to the critique of feminist/scholar Lara Stemple and scholar Ilan H. Meyer regarding the study by the @CDCgov influenced by feminist Dr. Koss' scholarship.

As Lara Stemple and Ilan H. Meyer point out, Dr. Koss' scholarship negatively impacts the equality of men.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "[T]reating male sexual victimization as a rare occurrence can impose regressive expectations about masculinity on men…. The belief that men are unlikely victims promotes a counterproductive construct of what it means to 'be a man.'"

Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e20.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 "[F]actors that perpetuate misperceptions about men’s sexual victimization [include]: reliance on traditional gender stereotypes, outdated and inconsistent definitions, and methodological sampling biases that exclude inmates."

Am J Public Health. 2014 June; 104(6): e19.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 In federal prisons, women can be quite rapey toward male inmates. Let's look at some data.

The Office of the Inspector General for the Justice Department considers rape (pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §§ 2241, 2243, and 2244) of federal inmates a huge problem (oig.justice.gov/special/0504/i…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 “As the statistics below indicate, the scope of the problem also includes female staff with male inmates, male staff with male inmates, and female staff with female inmates. … The following chart describes the gender breakdown of allegations investigated by the OIG…:”

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Although male staff commits 51% of the rapes (perpetrated by staff against inmates), a man is more likely to be raped by a woman in prison: 47% of the rapes committed are female staff raping men and 8% of the rapes committed are male staff raping men (oig.justice.gov/special/0504/i…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Also note that men are the majority of victims of prison rape (i.e., 55% of victims): 47% of the rapes committed against men are female staff raping men and 8% of the rapes committed against men are male staff raping men (oig.justice.gov/special/0504/i…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 Having finished my digression on the prison rape statistics, let's return to the study by feminist and @UCLA Law School Assistant Dean Lara Stemple and psychiatric epidemiologist Ilan H. Meyer.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA "Overreliance on [male rapist/female victim model] stigmatizes men who are victimized, risks portraying women as victims, and discourages discussion of abuse that runs counter to the paradigm, such as same-sex abuse and female perpetration of sexual victimization." Supra, p. e25.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA "[S]ome contemporary gender theorists have questioned the overwhelming focus on female victimization, not simply because it misses male victims but also because it serves to reinforce regressive notions of female vulnerability." Supra, p. e20.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA Unfortunately, as Conor Friedersdorf wrote on November 8, 2016, "[t]o date, no existing clinical studies examine large numbers of female sexual perpetrators" (theatlantic.com/science/archiv…).

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA When we look at the most reliable data we can, we find that men and women are victims of rape at very similar rates. That's only looking at the one-year rates though. Despite your assertions, @eminently_me5, there doesn't seem to be credible evidence to the contrary.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA What evidence or reasons do you have, @eminently_me5, to believe that the self-reported lifetime rates of rape are more reliable than the self-reported one-year rates of rape? You keep pointing back to the lifetime rates of rape as trumping the one-year rates of rape. Why?

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA @threadreaderapp, please unroll.

@eminently_me5 @Firebird_psych @Oneiorosgrip @DavidsonYorick @innocence @FBI @CDCgov @melliflora @CathyYoung63 @UCLA @threader_app, please compile.