So Dr. Reddy's has revealed the actual primary end point of their Phase 3 #2DG trial. They claim this was pre-specified and I guess we'll have to take their word 4 it.
But, wait a minute.. what was the +ve outcome they presented to DCGI? Was it time to 2 point improvement? 1/n
Umm, this sounds very different - they presented only proportion of patients with 1 point improvement at Day 3. Which if u recheck the last tweet, wasn't even one of their secondary end points! 2/n
What happened to all the other endpoints? Time to 2-pt imp, Time to reach pt 4, Time to pt 0, Time to negative PCR? What happened to these patients on Day 5, Day 7, Day 14??
Where is the test for statistical significance? Note that there is ZERO relevance of stating the RRR.. 3/n
or the relative risk reduction here. They have not shown survival curves which wld tell us if there was consistent improvement between the arms.
It's very possible that on Day 5 there was no difference at all, and both grps might have had a similar outcome. 4/n
No mention of clinically meaningful outcomes like how many got worse, how many ended up on ventilator, dying, etc. No mention of adverse effects, nothing.
They claim they are still tabulating those. So is this an interim analysis? I hardly think so. 5/n
Why was adverse event data not submitted to DCGI of the phase 3? Why are they hiding the actual outcome data of their pre-specified outcomes?
My guess: They either lost too many to follow up (as they stated during the slide presentation) and so the data from Day 3 onwards 6/n
is of too few patients for any reasonable analysis, or they didn't like the results they got and they are cherry picking.
I'm saddened that time and again, incomplete, irrelevant, clinically useless and shady results can be presented in a scientific forum and be accepted 7/n
When did we forget to ask questions?
Why don't we demand better from our drug regulators who are supposed to look out 4 patients and not for the companies?
How many more such underwhelming and probably useless "wonder drugs" will they keep approving 4 people to then spend hrs 8/n
searching everywhere for in a desperate attempt to save their loved ones?
Even now, there are so many tweets begging 4 2DG to give a critically ill patient.
THIS DRUG WAS NOT EVEN TRIALLED ON CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS. 9/n
TL; DR: unblinded open label trial of old molecule in moderate Covid which used meaningless soft (manipulatable) end-points, did not even report the results of those end-points, is now being used to advertise a drug as "life saving". This has to be a low point for science! 10/10
So, I suspect most don't really get what the big deal is in not reporting the primary outcome of a trial before commencing the trial, so here's a short #tweetorial..
So, let's say you're a competitor in a shooting contest, how do you measure your success? That's right - a target
Similarly, in clinical trials one starts with a target - aka primary endpoint. Generally this is the outcome of the trial you want to measure. These outcomes differ based on the kind of trial being planned. E.g. if we were planning a heart failure trial, some outcomes we might..
Just leaving this here:
AYUSH 64 is an old formulation that was first tried in malaria and failed to show benefit compared to standard treatment. It was commercialised in 2014 by selling rights to Dabur and is being heavily promoted without any scientific evidence..
Abstract for the phase 2 trial in patients with Vivax malaria. No subsequent larger trials done..
Reason why it's being repurposed for covid-19?
Simple: Helpless ministers don't have any idea what to do. They failed to arrange hospital beds or oxygen or ventilators or health capacity, so what else is left? You got it: promote pseudoscience BS.
To those who have recovered from covid and are eager to share their experience:
PLEASE try not to make it into a promotion for a particular drug or treatment regimen
I've seen too many tweets that read "Doctor gave me this drug and in 5 days I was fine!"
This can be dangerous..
Your individual experience may mislead others to think that it's a simple matter of "what worked for him should work for everyone" which is not how medical science works..
As doctors we determine what works via clinical trials which have to be well designed and conducted
And we determine the best treatment approach for each individual patient based on different levels of evidence:
Why do we need to correctly count all covid deaths?
To spread doom and gloom for the sake of it? No.
Coz it's an important tool for epidemiologists? Not only that.
To deal with a problem we must first understand how bad it is..
And because it's vital for our collective memory.
It has become more and more apparent with each passing day, that the number of deaths is not only being grossly undercounted (which may be unavoidable in many cases) but that it is being SYSTEMATICALLY undercounted.
We already know from last year how many states are getting away with this: 1. Using a restricted definition to define a "covid death" 2. Excluding patients who died with comorbidities 3. Not entering covid status in death certificates 4. Not testing, restricting the criteria
Tactics used by quacks to sell their pseudoscientific concepts and 🐍 oil: 1. Modern medicine has no cure for your condition.
- Ignores the fact that some disease is incurable/beyond cure. They advertise cure but though it's been around for centuries the claims are mostly bogus.
2. No side effects! Natural is better!
- Commonly used. My prof used to say: no side effect means no effect! If it does have any effect then there must be some side effect! Biggest myth that can easily be busted, numerous examples in threads by @drabbyphilips
3. But your allopathy is full of toxic chemicals!
- Everything is a chemical, even water! Many drugs we use are actually originally from natural sources! Fact is you are much more likely to find toxic lead, arsenic and heavy metals in homeo and Ayurvedic preparations.