This is an interesting new paper with which I don't wholly agree, (especially in the case of archery)... /1
Integrating transwomen athletes into elite competition: the case of elite archery and shooting tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.108…
Beyond the details, though, look at the overall logic. Here's the antecedent of the conditional:
*If* a sport is sufficiently sex-unaffected, such that the minimal physiological changes made by x-sex hormones do not affect fairness... /2
Here are two consequents:
A) *Then* it's fair to integrate transwomen
B) *Then* that sport should be unisex.
Which should we go for?
Pitsiladis et al favour (A), but I favour (B). I don't see why the argument for (A) isn't an argument for (B) .../3
Integration and inclusivity in elite shooting, at least, might be resolved just by making it unisex. Remember the studies including Hilton et al. @FondOfBeetles show that the performance change is occasionally zero. .../4
If fairness is not compromised when persons with zero relevant physiological are incorporated, then that must be because there is no case for separation on the basis of physiology. In which case, unisex sport - like Equestrian sport.
We should follow where the argument leads./E
'differences' missing, apols.
P et al say: "the only negligible advantage that transwomen may have is superior visuospatial coordination." If they are prepared to disregard that, and upper body strength doesn't matter, then the conc. is unisex sport, not trans-inclusion.
This is, of course, an 'internal critique'. I'm not saying I accept everything in the paper. I'm saying, if you do, the conclusion is as follows...
2nd thread (ii) (I am, though, a *bit* annoyed not to be cited, since what the authors propose is a decision procedure, and that is what my JPS paper, open access, is about. But there are other things at stake here). I think Pitisiladis et al get ... ii/1
the decision procedure wrong, because of conceptual unclarity. In particular, I can't get a proper grip on this attempt at visual representation...ii/2
First criticism: the supposed continuum between safety inclusion with fairness in the middle, is misleading. Each of these are more or less binary oppositions: Safe/unsafe, fair/unfair, inclusive/exclusive... ii/3
It's obviously possible to have rules that are safe and inclusive but not fair: the continuum depiction doesn't work for this case. (which is why a decision making *process* on a lexical basis is better) ... ii/4
Second criticism: it's not clear what the triangles are supposed to show, why the vectors run in both directions. The text indicates that we should balance these values: but they are incommensurable, and balancing is a mistake... ii/5
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1) The rights that women have fought for and won are collective rights, and in a lot of cases they are sex-based rights.
2) Sex -based rights are grounded in and justified by the fact of sexed bodies. Sexed bodies do not always count for grounding rights, - eg. for the right to vote they are irrelevant - but sometimes they do.
Philosophers on Twitter getting push back about The Letter: here are some candidate actions, and some evaluations (by me) of those actions (thread):
i) Say nothing, refuse to engage
Evaluation: You have made a public stand: this makes you publicly accountable.
ii) Try to laugh it off.
Evaluation: This is a serious matter (you accept). Please don't ridicule those who disagree with you. You want to be taken seriously: take your interlocutors seriously.
iii) Straw-man your critics.
Some people will tweet that you are an effing misogynist. But other people will make polite and serious objections to the text of your letter: address the strongest objections to your claims, not the weakest.
(i) P'raps I'll spell out the dialectic here. In the letter, @jichikawa elides 'trans-exclusive' and 'transphobic'. I'm coming up with a counter-example to that elision. My (philosophical) view is that trans-women should be excluded from women's rugby. Of course, I don't think
(ii) that trans-women should be excluded from rugby as such, but that they should play in the category of their birth sex (it's slightly more complicated than that, but I'll stick the paper at the end.)
(iii) On most normal understandings, this is a trans-exclusive (no scare quotes) view, in philosophy, which I argue for quite explicitly. I argue for it, because of the difference in bodies between males and females, which, I think, has ethical consequences.
1) This is an important new paper in @BJSM_BMJ (Roberts et al. 2020) for all those following the debate. Others better qualified than me can run through the science @FondOfBeetles, @Scienceofsport
2) In this thread I want to look at the upshot for the debate on trans women competing in women’s sport:
What does this new information do? What arguments does it close off? What possible moves in the debate does it open up?
@EthicsInSPORT p.20 "Nonetheless it is recognized that *transfemales are not males who became females.* Rather these are people who have always been psychologically female but whose anatomy and physiology, for reasons as yet unexplained, have manifested as male...
The EWG therefore, in parallel with the Dutee Chand decision, opt against any ruling that might render a female ineligible to compete due to intrinsic factors that are beyond their control"
So 1) This is 'born in the wrong body' nonsense 2) This is (crap) Cartesian nonsense 3) This is antiscientific ('for reasons as yet unexplained') 4) psychology trumps physiology, so physiological fairness is trashed. 5) This is TW are *female* - which is, er, a *striking* claim.