Hunger in Syria seems to be primarily a result of “access” problems—the Syrian public’s destroyed purchasing power, & its immiseration generally.
Yet Syria also has “availability” problems with key imported goods, including wheat & fuel, that reverberated through the economy.
In April, WFP reported that the price of a standard reference food basket sufficient to feed a family of five for a month reached 176,471 Syrian lira.48 The highest-paid Syrian government monthly salary is 80,240 lira;
It was only after Lebanon’s economy seized up that it became fully apparent how important the country had been for Syrian finance and trade, and for stabilizing Syria’s heavily sanctioned, war-stricken economy.
As Lebanese banks seized depositors’ money, Syrians lost not only their individual savings but also the funds with which Syrian business people had financed trade via Lebanon.
Syria's currency collapsed in tandem with Lebanon's, revealing their symbiotic relationship.
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in March 2015, months before the Russians stepped in to defend Assad against al-Jolani & Caliph Baghdadi, Brennan explained that the US did not want to see a collapse of the Syrian regime as it could open the way to Islamist extremists taking power.
The CIA chief said he had reason to worry about who might replace President Assad if his gov. fell, given the rise of the Islamic State group and other jihadists in Syria.
“I think that’s a legitimate concern,” Brennan said when asked if the US feared who might succeed Assad.
Peker confirms that Albayrak managed the illegal oil trade with the terrorist group Al-Nusra. This was already known from Russian sources and should finally be accepted by Western analysts.
These videos of supporters, like his main election slogan - "Hope is in Work" - are meant to convince people to put their heads down and go back to work - to accept the reality: the uprising is over & Assad remains.
The Syrian opposition seeks to convince Syrians that sanctions are a necessary price to rid the country of Assad & that continued Western pressure & isolation of the regime can work.
Assad wants foreign governments to re-engage, to see that more pressure is pointless.
A Saudi-Syr-Dutch firm has partnered with a French firm to build in Syria.
This is much needed to alleviate Syria's crisis. Building on two major electric plants in Syria has come to a stand-still because of US's latest sanctions.
If one believes that sanctions will force Assad to step aside, the suffering & privation caused by sanctions may be worth it.
If sanctions are simply an effort to turn Syria into a quagmire for Russia & Iran or to keep the government weak with no plan for change or improvement, they are an inhuman exercise in geostrategic one upmanship.
How US Sanctions Halt Electric Power Production in Syria
Syria's electric power output is running at less than 30% of the capacity of its plants. Why?
1. Gas and oil wells are controlled by the SDF which is backed by US troops.
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2. The lack of spare parts for the maintenance of the existing power plants. This is due to US-backed sanctions. The electric power is rationed to homes and factories and provides power at a rate of one hour on and four hours off.
3. The construction of 2 new power plants that would bring an increased capacity of 1150 megawatts has been halted due to the sanctions:
The contractor of the Tishreen extension project that is to provide 400 megawatts is Baharat Heavy Electrical Limited, owned by the Indian gov
There is no trace of this education in the Islamic Religion textbooks taught in Syrian schools. This makes me wonder about the decree. Was it simply ignored? Perhaps it was not enacted? If it was something Iran wanted, perhaps Damascus never got the memo?
"Assad decreed that Syria’s Education Ministry must provide Shia studies as part of the curriculum in schools, colleges, & universities nationwide... Iran already ran many Syrian schools, but the number increased significantly in the years to follow."