1/ Mapping Investable Return Sources to Macro Environments (AQR)
"Style premia have less macro exposure than do asset classes. Additionally, a diversified portfolio (for asset classes and style premia) may rely less on a specific macroeconomic outcome."
2/ "We must stress the limitations of this type of analysis. Any empirical result is specific to the sample period (here 1972-2013) and dependent on design choices.
"Long/short returns are scaled to target 10% annual volatility. We subtract no trading costs or fees."
3/ "The weak relation between equities & growth reflects the forward-looking nature of equity returns. The correlation between annual equity returns & our contemporaneous (*next* year's) growth indicator is 0.24 (0.50).
"Styles were positive in both up and down
environments."
4/ "The distinction between simple & partial correlations is the same as that between slope coefficients in simple & multiple regressions.
"It is difficult to find an asset class or even a style that performs well in a stagflationary (growth-down, inflation-up) environment."
5/ "Again, results might be specific to this sample or our specifications of style premia and macro environments.
"Even L/S styles can be more market-directional in certain asset classes (e.g. currency carry) than in the broadly diversified style composites we analyze here."
6/ "It is difficult to populate the upper-left quadrant on the risk graphs, with rising real yields, inflation, volatility and illiquidity all posing a challenging environment – all compounded by negative growth.
"Style premia tend to be closer to the origin in all four graphs."
7/ "The relationships we document are not predictive and thus less useful for tactical decisions than strategic ones.
"As post-WWII history is characterized by broadly benign growth and inflation, investors may have grown to consider equity-friendly conditions too complacently."
1/ Polarizing impact of science literacy and numeracy on perceived climate change risks (Kahan et al.)
"Those with the most science literacy & reasoning capacity were not most concerned about climate change; they were the group w/ the most polarization."
"We instructed subjects to rate the seriousness of climate change risk."
SCT = Science Comprehension Thesis: "Members of the public do not know/think as scientists; they fail to take climate change as seriously as scientists believe they should."
3/ CCT = Cultural Cognition Thesis: "Individuals tend to form perceptions of societal risks that cohere with values characteristic of groups with which they identify. Members are motivated to fit their interpretations of scientific evidence to competing cultural philosophies."
* Trend following as an inflation hedge
* The Russell 2000 is mainly comprised of companies that are losing money
* Portfolio construction for small investors
* Optimization is often counterproductive
2/ "The starting point is simple yield measures. For equity assets, we use trailing E/P. For bond assets, we use standard yield-to-maturity. Both are adjusted for local risk-free rates. (For bonds, we are effectively taking the term premium as our valuation indicator.)"
3/ "We then apply asset-specific, fixed adjustments to yields. These were chosen such that the main structural biases towards certain asset classes are removed."
'Combined' rankings weight value by 50% and momentum by 50% (split equally between 1 month and 12-1 month momentum).
1/ Nonreplicable publications are cited more than replicable ones (Serra-Garcia, Gneezy)
"The difference does not change after publication of failure to replicate. Only 12% of post-replication citations of nonreplicable findings acknowledge the failure."
2/ "Three influential replication projects tried to systematically replicate the findings in top psychology, economics, & general science journals. In psychology (economics, Nature/Science), 39% (61%, 62%) of the experiments yielded significant findings in the replication study."
3/ "The relative effect sizes of findings that did (not) replicate were 75% (close to 0%) of the original ones.
"Prediction markets, in which experts in the field bet on results before the replication studies, showed that experts could predict which findings would replicate."
2/ "Whenever you eat anything, even the “fat bombs” (homemade high-fat snack foods) favored by the keto community, burning stored body fat (along with the manufacturing of ketones in the liver) ceases abruptly while you process the ingested calories."
3/ "The lifestyle essentials include increasing all forms of general everyday movement (especially frequent breaks from prolonged periods of stillness), following a sensible exercise program (including brief, high-intensity efforts)...