Go to about 2:31 of this clip of Ohtani:
[and slow it down to .25 using the settings]:
There are a number of functional parameters I want to emphasize.
1] Note the lead leg/knee "cocking" [internal rotation] at set-up [heel up]. Note that the FIRST movement from that point is the HIP action. The hips are counter-rotating [eccentric "twisting"].
This eccentric/twisting action CAUSES the hips to DISPLACE ... move more towards the pitcher, ie., the hips move more forwardly NOT because of a linear type striding....but entirely due to twisting [counter-rotation of the pelvic girdle].
This kind of pelvic LOADING [eccentric action] to "motivate" the hips forwardly is what I have [for yrs.] referred to as....."forward by TURNING."[see Puhols'/no stride swings as another ex.]
Note that as this hip displacement is happening, the lead leg/knee do NOT move much [heel still up].In effect, the lead hip moves AHEAD of the lead knee.
This makes perfect biomechanical sense in that the lead leg -the more distal component- is REACTING TO and accommodating the more proximal component [the pelvic girdle]. THIS is high level muscle action/sequencing!!
Prior to full foot plant, the hips are displaced a good amount [put the curser on the navel region to see this well].
A few other points that relate very much to a high level swing:
1] Note the hip rotation INTO foot plant [from heel up to full/solid foot plant.
2]Note the contact point---relatively "deep" in that the hands/knob do NOT move much beyond the the lead knee.
3] Note the back arm elbow at contact----it has not translated very much beyond the BACK hip joint.
Again, I will say that these functional parameters are typical of elite level hitters ,i.e., elite level hitters create very good rotation and bat/body alignment.
I will only add here that ALL of the functional characteristics of elite level hitters are really described and detailed in my videos entitled "Elite Hitter Habits Part 1 and 2" found here: englishbeyhitting.com/elite-hitter-h…
I have many times talked about the motor learning concept of....the "action-perception gap" [or differential] regarding what athletes THINK they are doing. As opposed to what they ACTUALLY do.
Aside from the VERY starkly drawn "differential" between Sammy Sosa's on deck swings [wherein he JUST moved the arms/bat in an almost straight down trajectory] as contrasted with his ACTUAL game swings....
....there may be no better ex. than the comparison of Pense's on deck vs actual game swings. Here's a clip of the on deck swing:
In a recent thread post I talked about Jim McClean's [golf instructor] concept of the "hip rise."
Here's a good slo-mo clip of Prince Fielder showing this [further slow it down via the .25 settings]:
Note the hip line change from relatively horizontal to the ground to much more DIAGAONAL to the ground from lead heel up to foot plant.
Also note---and this is very important---that though the lead shoulder "dips" [due to lead side lateral flexion] at heel up, by foot plant the shoulder line is more symmetrical [the "dip" is not there so to speak].
I'm sure quite a few here have seen this overhead clip of Pete Rose done quite a few yrs back by Jack Mankin:
I consider this to be one of THE greatest clips ever that really helps to clarify what a high level swing actually looks like. Why? Well, one needs to understand the historical context of this clip.
Going back to around circa 2001 or thereabouts, aside from Paul Nyman's lead arm swing models, NO one had really shown this kind of clip of the relatively circular path of the knob from initiation to contact.
I first saw him in the lunch line in spring training [circa 1972 ]. I was right next to him in the line and my first impression was ..."DAMN look at the hip to shoulder ratio ...this guy --at 6'8"-- is built like a damn bodybuilder!"
As a 17 yr. old guy, who was pretty well recruited for college football I had been around some pretty decent physical specimens. But I had met NO ONE quite like J.R. in terms of physicality.
Here's a DAMN GOOD! ex. of the lead side functioning really well [lead leg/lead hip]:
[Also, this is a damn good ex. of a no-stride "twist/untwist" wherein the lead leg and back hip internally rotate to load].
Note the lead foot/knee landing "square" to the plate as the leg reverses the internal rotation. This alignment best approximates the "athletic position".
This leg posture facilitates greater stability [as opposed to opening --external rotation] of the femur/knee. It also creates greater potential RESISTENCE against the hip rotation.
Well, I don't want to go into the weeds too much here [again twitter ain't the place for in depth shit!!], but here's something from Paul Nyman yrs. ago [which I read then] on elastic energy:
Within this he cites some research about elastic energy. The entire article is relevant/interesting. But there's one key phrase I have found to be VERY interesting [over the yrs since I saw this --around 2001]:
"Research has shown that by increasing the speed of the stretching phase and resisting the stretching movement by applying greater tension in the muscle(s) being stretched, there is an increase in the storage of elastic energy."