Did you know? The famous renaissance elephant Hanno was given to Pope Leo X in 1514 as a gift from the Portuguese king Manuel I from the far lands of India! The elephant became the Pope's favorite pet. "A beast not seen for a long time", Hanno was part of spectacular processions!
Hanno was one of the four elephants sent by the Governor of Portuguese India between 1510 and 1513 to Portugal. It is remarkable that these huge elephants survived the long journey from the west coast of India to the royal court in Lisbon, passing the Cape of Good Hope!
Leo X was a Pope who enjoyed fine things and Portuguese king Manuel I sent him a collection of exotic gifts to display a selection of the great riches of the lands that Portugal had just conquered! These included curious exotic animals - rare dogs, unusual birds and great beasts!
One of these gifts was a 4 year old white elephant named Hanno! As he was transported to Rome from Civitavecchia through the Italian picturesque countryside, huge crowds gathered to see him despite rainy weather! He would become extremely popular in Rome, a spectacular sight!
Hanno was often paraded and inspired artists! Unfortunately, in 1516, two years after his arrival, Hanno died from illness, with the pope at his side. Leo X himself composed the epitaph (I attached on the left pictured) on the memorial fresco designed by the great artist Raphael!

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More from @LandsknechtPike

10 Jul
Battle of Cerignola, 28 April 1503, part of Third Italian War. Spain beat France thanks to the brilliant commander Gonzalo de Cordoba who used innovative military tactics. This was the beginning of the "pike and shot" era, the first battle in which such strategy was employed!
I already covered the First Italian War of 1494-1495 and the French victory at Fornovo, where their mighty army under king Charles VIII used the invincible combination of gendarme heavy cavalry and mercenary Swiss pikemen infantry to beat a twice larger force of Italian coalition
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8 Jul
Today 8 July is the anniversary of the 1283 battle of Malta which was part of the War of The Sicilian Vespers between Crown of Aragon and the French princes of Anjou. The famous admiral Roger of Lauria won the battle for Aragon! Let's take a look at the medieval naval warfare...
Medieval naval warfare in the Mediterranean was dominated by long galleys of shallow draft propelled by oars and equipped with sails, which were not used in battle however. Unlike galleys of antiquity, medieval galleys did not have rams.
Instead of using rams, medieval ships fought by first firing arrows, javelins and other projectiles and then boarding the enemy ships. The position of the ship's bow or sterncastle was important so that the arrows could be fired at greater height at the fore and aft of the ship.
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8 Jul
Stradioti! The forgotten light cavalry mercenaries from the Balkans who served the mighty Republic of Venice during Ottoman-Venetian Wars with distinction and became popular all over Europe, influencing European cavalry tactics of the modern era. Who were they? I explain... ImageImage
Stradioti originated in the Balkans and continued the Byzantine light cavalry mercenary traditions. The bulk of them was ethnically Albanian, but there were also many of Greek and Slavic origin. As the Ottomans conquered Balkans they began serving Venice and other foreign armies. Image
First serving Venice in the First Ottoman-Venetian War (1463-1479), Venice started employing them regularly as frontiersmen in Friuli, the borderland through which Ottomans conducted raids. They soon completely replaced the Venetian light cavalry! Their tactics were unorthodox! Image
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8 Jul
The Venetian Crusade of 1122-24! This is a largely forgotten crusade that happened between the first and second crusade. A very important campaign led by Doge Domenico Michiel that asserted Venetian naval dominance and ended in crusader conquest of the ancient city of Tyre! Image
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Venice became powerful and wealthy through its trade, but also through its underrated military might of the Venetian navy. As Venice tried to control the seas of Levant, the Byzantines and Mohammedans became their rivals and enemies. Venetian confronted them in a crusade! Venice: Image
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6 Jul
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The story of the Catalan Company is one of the most amazing stories in European history yet it is now forgotten by Europeans and exists only as a terrifying memory of the descendants of people who were terrorized by these ferocious mercenaries. I will bring this story back!
The Catalan Company's epic journey started as they arrived in Constantinople in 1303. But like all great stories, the legend began much earlier, in the remote Iberian mountains during the dark time of Moorish occupation of Spain. It began with men they called the almogàvers.
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The story of Aleksander Józef Lisowski and his brutal ferocious band of mercenaries Lisowczyks (active 1607-1636)! They were an irregular unit of Polish cavalry that received no wages and was instead allowed to loot and plunder as they pleased. People were terrified of them!
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With his ragtag band of mercenaries Lisowski would plunder Russian villages and engaged in many battles and skirmishes between various factions, proving his worth in battles. Finally he would defend the Polish Commonwealth and was crucial in defense of Smolensk in 1612!
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