Space-Track catalog updated today with a note for object 48078, 1996-051Q: "Collided with satellite".
This is a new kind of comment entry - haven't seen such a comment for any other satellites before. Let's look a bit closer:
48078 is a small debris object from the Zenit-2 rocket that launched a Tselina-2 electronic spy sat in Sep 1996. Between 1997 and 2021, 8 debris objects were tracked from the rocket. This one, added to the catalog in Mar 2021, has only a single element set, epoch 2021 Mar 16
I conclude that they probably only spotted in tin the data after it collided with something and that's why there's only one set of orbital data. So the collision probably happened shortly after the epoch of the orbit. What did it hit?
The obvious candidate is Yunhai-1-02, which broke up on Mar 18 for unknown reasons. So it will be interesting to compare the orbits of the objects around then
And indeed, a quick analysis of the TLEs show that Yunhai 1-02 (44547) and debris object 1996-051Q (48078) passed within 1 km of each other (so within the uncertainty of the TLEs) at 0741 UTC Mar 18, exactly when 18SPCS reports Yunhai broke up.
37 debris objects (green) have been cataloged so far from the breakup - there are likely to be more. This looks to be the first major confirmed orbital collision in a decade.
Nevertheless it appears that the Yunhai satellite is still under control and able to make orbit adjustments (blue dots) so the collision was not catastrophic?
Also, @coastal8049 Scott Tilley continued to pick up radio signals from the sat in May

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More from @planet4589

7 Sep
No TLEs for China's TJS-7 satellite since Aug 25. Plausible that it made an apogee burn around Aug 25 0800 UTC over ~ 112E. I suspect it to be a successor to TJS-3 and not a Huoyan sat as originally reported (despite the Huoyan-like image in the launch animation).
Meanwhile TJS-3 departed 87E on Aug 30 heading west. TJS-3 Subsat remains on station at 59.0E as it has done since launch. I wonder if the reports that TJS-7 will dock with TJS-6 couud be a mistake for a planned docking with TJS-3 . Just speculation, we'll have to watch the TLEs
Recap (1): TJS (Tongxin Shiyan Weixing, Communications Experiment Satellite) is a cover name for at least 3 series of satellites
Read 7 tweets
29 Aug
I made some fake TLEs consistent with a successful orbit for the Astra launch to illustrate its intended path SE from Kodiak: (planned orbit was 415 x 415 km x 70 deg)
I then worked back from these to make TLEs for the actual flight based on the best estimate apogee and velocity
These TLEs give a formal orbit of -6350 x 31 km x 64.1 deg. A couple points here: the apogee is conventionally given relative to a spherical 6378 km Earth. The actual apogee of this orbit above the surface, because of Earth's polar flatting, is 47.5 km. Also, ...
Read 7 tweets
28 Aug
Astra rocket - looks like a problem at Max Q. Something fell off and then "Terminate Sent".
Launch failure confirmed. Fatal problem happened at 33 km altitude at 22:37:32 UTC, 2.5 min into flight. But amazing it got that far after the initial sideways skid at launch
Launch:
Read 7 tweets
15 Aug
So where did this debris object come from? The large 9-tonne Zenit second stages in the higher part of LEO have long been identified as a major source of collision risk. But this wasn't the stage itself but a piece that came off it. Let's look at the objects from this 1996 launch
Object A was Kosmos-2333, a Tselina-2 spy sat. Object B is the Zenit rocket stage that put it in orbit. Objects C,D,E,F are small separation motor covers ejected to a higher orbit. Let's look at the remaining debris objects G to Q.
G,H, J, K, L appear to have come off at launch. G and H must be fairly dense and their orbits have not decayed much. J, K and L were light things that have now reentered.
Read 7 tweets
9 Aug
ESA's Solar Orbiter entered Venus' graviational sphere of influence at 0446 UTC Aug 8 and will fly past the planet at an altitude of 7994 km at 0442 UTC Aug 9. It will reenter solar orbit at 0441 UTC Aug 10 . The flyby will increase the orbit from 0.49 x 0.95 AU to 0.59 x 1.21 AU
Meanwhile the ESA-JAXA Bepi-Colombo probe enters the Venus grav sphere at 0338 UTC Aug 9 and departs 0010 UTC Aug 12. The 552 km flyby at 1351 UTC Aug 10 sets it on course for Mercury
Here are the trajectories of the probes compared to the Venus Hill Sphere
Read 5 tweets
4 Jul
OK I found a much better solution for the Starship flight. I was starting it off with SECO at much too high an altitude.
Better solution: about 50 x 250 km
The GoogleEarth path doesn't look dramatically different, the ground track is pretty much identical
This solution satisfies the 250 km max altitude, low perigee, and Hawaii range. I'm much happier now!
Read 5 tweets

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