Harry Spoelstra Profile picture
Aug 15, 2021 9 tweets 5 min read Read on X
Why so little attention in #Belgium(=new red zone) for our well performing neighbor, Germany(Green zone)? They certainly seem to have their act together, surely they could be instrumental to learn from! #Thread #covid19 1/n
@alexanderdecroo @JanJambon @eliodirupo
Testen:
FREE testing everywhere, with results in 15 minutes , to be stopped Oct 11, to further push unvaccinated to get their shot.
Mandatory tests in schools(2-3x/w) and all employers have to provide them for the employees at work. 2/n
3G rule:
For many places only admittance for vaccinated/post-covid starting 23 Aug
Only to be suspended when incidence reaches a 7D stable below 35! 3/n
Corona indicators:
“in particular the (case)incidence” 4/n
Vaccination 5/n
Travel
Clear and pervasive contact tracing(D.E.R.= our PLF with mandatory 14d quarantine for EVERYBODY (virus alert area’s)!
Lufthansa/ German Carriers requires medical grade masks and provides them if customer have wrong mask. 6/n
Masks:
medical grade masks/FFP2 on all public transport and when shopping (>15y)
Indoor masking in public is nearly universal, with medical grade masks/FFP2, not cloth.
Some regions even stricter: Berlin 7/n
Party and events
Safe-covid plans mandatory/ strict rules/permissions
24 hour negative test/vaccination required for many indoor activities 8/n
The above is just a quick pick from Germany’s NPI’s today and in the near future, surely not being complete, but does give you some insights! 9/n
deutschland.de/en/news/german…
berlin.de/corona/en/meas…

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More from @HarrySpoelstra

Jan 2
❗️Excellent new CardioVascular Autonomic dysfunction(CVAD) overview:
For one: "As well as global circulatory disturbances, CVAD in post-COVID-19 syndrome(LongCovid) can manifest as microvascular and endothelial dysfunction, with local symptoms such as headache, brain fog, chest pain, dyspnoea and peripheral circulatory symptoms, including skin discolouration, oedema, Raynaud-like phenomena, and heat and cold intolerance"
➡️ Your N. Vagus at work!😰
nature.com/articles/s4156…Image
Image
➡️ "CVAD arises from a malfunction of the autonomic control of the circulation, and can involve failure or inadequate or excessive activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic components of the autonomic nervous system" 2/n
➡️"Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction (CVAD), in particular postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and inappropriate sinus tachycardia, are among the most frequent and distinct phenotypes of post-COVID-19 syndrome; one-third of highly symptomatic patients can be affected" 3/n
Read 6 tweets
Sep 6, 2023
SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)

Lets revisit this excellent study, with a breakdown today on how the different pathways 🧵

➡️“This reservoir could modulate host immune responses or release viral proteins into the circulation”

illustrating the possible huge impact from different angles on your immune system, while SarsCoV2 defend a prolonged occupancy of your body! 1/nImage
2/n Image
3/n Image
Read 7 tweets
Sep 5, 2023
SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC)

Lets dig into 1 of the 8 mechanisms that could cause LongCovid in this excellent study illustrating the importance of possible vagus involvement:

“SARS-CoV-2 reservoir may alter vagus nerve signaling”

🧵1/n
Image
“A SARS-CoV-2 reservoir could also contribute to nonspecific PASC symptoms including fatigue, trouble concentrating, muscle and joint pain, sleep dysfunction, anxiety, depression, loss of appetite and autonomic dysfunction. These symptoms overlap with the sickness response (called ‘sickness behavior’ in animal models) that reflects the subjective and behavioral component of innate immunity and is largely mediated by signaling of the vagus nerve” 2/n
Image
“Tens of thousands of afferent vagus nerve branches innervate all major trunk organs with chemoreceptor terminals, which collectively act as a sensitive and diffuse neuroimmune sensory organ for the CNS. These branches can detect highly localized paracrine immune signaling such as cytokine activation even in the absence of a systemic circulating immune response, triggering glial activation and neuroinflammation on the brain side of the blood–brain barrier and the sickness response. The persistence of a SARS-CoV-2 reservoir in body sites densely innervated by the vagus nerve (for example, gut, lung and bronchial tubes)—or direct infection of the vagus nerve as has been shown in autopsy studies—might activate localized paracrine signaling, leading to ongoing sickness response symptoms in infected individuals” 3/n
Read 4 tweets

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