If you create a good seal with a mask brace, so they fit tightly, surgical masks can serve decently as PPE.
Universal use of surgical masks can keep the air relatively clean -- only if everyone wears them. However, once there are people who won't wear masks, a surgical mask provides less-than-optimal protection against the aerosols that the unmasked people are producing.
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"Teaching the subject of the Holocaust and the Nazi era is mandatory in German schools and in addition to the classroom curriculum, almost all students have either visited a concentration camp or a Holocaust memorial or museum." pbs.org/wgbh/pages/fro…
Unsurprisingly, the German far-right is going after history education in Germany.
One German nationalist leader characterized the Holocaust as a '“speck of bird poop” in Germany’s otherwise admirable history.' Another defends Holocaust deniers. theatlantic.com/international/…
Reading Florence Nightingale's book, Notes on Hospitals, published in 1859, is just blowing me away.
She made many calculations, including how much water vapor patients exhaled overnight, and how much ventilation would be needed. And raised hell about it not being done.
Her interventions - improving ventilation, decreasing crowding, admitting natural light, washing surfaces -- cut hospital deaths by 2/3. This was WITHOUT hand washing, which wasn't even mentioned in her book.
Old hospitals built according to her specifications, using cross-breezes from large windows for natural ventilation, have much better ventilation than modern hospitals.
And there is so much political graft; politicians write loopholes.
I wonder how Kristi Noem is going to respond to this: "...state of South Dakota, in particular, is sheltering billions of dollars in wealth linked to individuals previously accused of serious financial crimes."
Corruption is theft from the citizens of a country. It is not a victimless crime. We are all the victims.
Do people not read the methods sections of papers, in order to interpret whether the results are applicable to a given situation? I just don't get it. This is basic stuff.