When India reorganized its states based on language - The state of Kerala was formed today, among others, when former princely states of Thiruvithaankoor (Travancore) and Kochi (Cochin) were joined with Malabar district of Madras state. 1/2
Tamil speaking parts of Travancore were transferred to Madras, while part of South Kanara district was added to the newly formed state. Lakshadweep islands were spun off into a union territory directly ruled by centre (Which is still the case). 2/2
Threads on how Karnataka was formed out of multiple states
Also, need to write a thread on Kerala and its origins. But not today. Will need to research a bit more to get it inline with my history tweet threads.
But until then, something I wrote in 2011 (Economic data is also from 2011)
John d'Anjou was born in 1166 as the youngest child of Henri d'Anjou, King of England, and Eleonore d'Aquitaine, Duchess of Aquitaine. As his parents' fourth son to reach adulthood, a regnal role was unlikely in the offing for Prince John. 1/10
King Henri also ruled over Normandy, Anjou and Maine. When his third son, Geoffrey, married Constance de Bretagne, Duchess of Brittany, it brought a large part of France under Angevin control. But Prince John was unlikely to inherit any of his parents' domains. 2/10
Flavius Iulius Crispus was born around 303 to Flavius Valerius Constantinus and Minervina. His grandfather, Constantius, was Caesar of West, working out of Augusta Treverorum (Trier). In 305, Constantius was promoted to Augustus of West after Diocletian & Maximian abdicated. 1/10
Constantius died in 306, making Flavius Valerius Severus, who had become the Caesar of West in 305, the new Augustus. But the troops of Constantius proclaimed his son, Constantine, as Augustus. With a civil war in the offing, Constantine was named the new Caesar of the West. 2/10
Hērakleios was born around 575 to Hērakleios and Epiphania. It is likely Hērakleios had Armenian ancestry, though the Kingdom of Armenia had been divided up by the Roman Empire and Sasanian Persian Empire over a century earlier. 1/10
The Roman Empire had seen a period of expansion and decline before Hērakleios was born and was in deep financial stress. Mauricius, who became Augustus in 582 and married his predecessor's daughter, was able to reverse some of the Empire's earlier military defeats. 2/10
Marinus was supposed to have been born in the 270s in Rab, Roman Dalmatia. A stonemason by trade, he ended up in Rimini in Italy, where he may have preached Christianity along with Gaudentius. 1/10
Christians were at times persecuted by the Romans for their refusal to accept "Pax Romana". Marinus is said to have fled Rimini in 301 for the nearby mountains. In 303, the Roman Emperors unleashed the strongest persecution against Christians to show resistance is futile. 2/10
Gjergj Kastrioti was born in 1405 to Gjon Kastrioti and Voisava. The Kastrioti were one of the Albanian noble families that ruled a region precariously placed between the Ottoman Empire and Venice. 1/10
Arbëria was a semi independent region in the Balkans during the time of the Eastern Roman Empire. But it was captured by Sicily in 1272, who created the Kingdom of Albania. But their rule was short lived since their position was weakened due to civil war in Sicily. 2/10
Charles Latour Rogier was born in 1800 to Firmin Rogier and Henriette Estienne. After his father's death in 1812 fighting for the French during the Napoleonic Wars, Rogier's family moved to Liège, where young Charles studied law at the university. 1/10
Liège was the centre of an ecclesiastic state of the Holy Roman Empire, Prince-Bishopric of Liège. But a revolution in 1789 led to the creation of a Republic. It was retaken by the Habsburgs in 1791, but conquered by France in 1795. 2/10