The very good girl Laika, a scrappy three-year-old stray from Moscow, was sent into space aboard Sputnik II #OTD in 1957. The first animal to orbit Earth, she became a national hero. This was cold comfort, since the mission wasn’t designed to return her to Earth.
The press referred to Laika as "Muttnik." Here she is with Mushka and Albina, who were also trained for the mission. Mushka might have gone to space instead of Laika, but she wasn't eating properly.
The plan was to give Laika a painless, fast-acting poison after about a week in orbit. This was the official Soviet account for several years afterward. But it wasn't true. Apparently, Laika died of overheating and asphyxiation somewhere between 6 hours to 4 days after takeoff
Oleg Gazenko was the scientist who selected and trained Laika. Many years later, he said "The more time passes, the more I'm sorry about it. We did not learn enough from the mission to justify the death of the dog."
Anyway, Laika and her colleagues got a pretty raw deal.
Canes itur ad astra 🐕🚀🌌
Maybe we could all encourage @dog_rates to give Laika a 15/10.
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Freeman Dyson submitted a lovely little two-page paper to Physical Review #OTD in 1951, demonstrating that perturbation theory in quantum electrodynamics produces a divergent series. It's one of my favorites, an absolute classic of the field. journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10…
In QED we calculate physical quantities perturbatively, giving a series with increasing powers of a small number α ~ 1/137. So if we calculate the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron (classically it should be g=2) we get a series like:
g = 2 + (1/π) α + (0.656/π²) α² + …
This tells us that the actual magnetic moment of the electron is a little different than what we'd expect from classical considerations. The series above starts with the classical bit (g=2) and then all the subsequent terms represent various quantum mechanical effects.
The first message between two computers on ARPANET was sent #OTD in 1969. The “LO” of “LOGIN” was transmitted and then one of the systems crashed.
Charles Kline’s IMP Log: “Talked to SRI host to host.”
Image: UCLA Kleinrock Center for Internet Studies
They re-sent the “LOGIN” message an hour later, establishing a connection between UCLA and Stanford. So technically the first three characters transmitted over what would become the internet were “LOL.”
[12 hours after the first two computers connect on ARPANET] xkcd.com/386/
An #OTD about two groups of people WHO WERE LITERALLY AT WAR WITH EACH OTHER but still recognized that political differences are no reason to disagree about *science*.
John Hancock, seeking permission for a team of US astronomers to observe an eclipse, wrote to a British commander:
"Though we are political enemies, yet with regard to Science it is presumable we shall not dissent from the practice of all civilized people in promoting it."
And the British commander was like, "Yes, of course, we're at war but that's no reason to be weird about SCIENCE. Of course they can observe the eclipse. Lol, can you even imagine, people being weird about science just because they were FIGHTING?"
The most energetic single particle ever detected, a cosmic ray dubbed the "Oh-My-God" particle, was observed by the Fly's Eye Cosmic Ray Detector #OTD in 1991. Its energy was about 3.2 x 10²⁰ eV ~ 51 J, equivalent to a baseball moving at almost 60 mph. quantamagazine.org/ultrahigh-ener…
The "OMG Particle" should not to be confused with the “God Particle.” The latter is a terrible name that you should not use under any circumstances, while the former is a great name and all physicists are obligated to high-five whoever came up with it.
Also, the "OMG Particle" should not be confused with the "0mg particle," which is another name for a photon.
The first collisions between protons and anti-protons took place in the @Fermilab@Tevatron#OTD in 1985. The collisions had a center-of-momentum energy of 1.6 TeV. They were observed in the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF), where the top quark was discovered ten years later.
See if you can spot the Tevatron in this google maps satellite image of the area around Batavia.
Despite being a physicist in the Chicago area I have somehow never visited @Fermilab. However, my interest is now piqued.