Ok just saw the first episode of season 4. Anyone who has ever heard me lecture on the importance of distinguishing between Burkholderia mallei and pseudomallei will understand how much pain it caused me
For more on what pseudomallei can do, see this recent non pandemic outbreak story foodsafetynews.com/2021/10/rare-b…
B. mallei on the other hand causes glanders (the name of the episode) which is a problem for horses rather than humans. Which confused the heck out of me (especially when a minor character wheels out a “meningitis” vaccine)
It’s actually pretty cool. This shows the relationships between the two named bacteria and a couple other close relatives. You can see that mallei is nested within pseudomallei what does this mean? (Fig from royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rs…)
It means Mallei looks like a specific clone or lineage of the greater diversity in pseudomallei, which gained the ability to cause a distinctive disease in horses, and humans raised to species status as a result
See also yersinia pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis and multiple shigella ‘species’

Humans are really bad at understanding bacteria (as well as viruses)
Anyway this is why as the episode finished I was shouting at the TV “Philip, relax! You’re not a horse!”

To understand why, you should watch the episode after reading the above

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More from @BillHanage

5 Nov
Hard to avoid noticing that the relationship between cases and deaths in the UK has not been severed, but nor has it been constant. The big delta spike in July had relatively few immediate severe consequences, that's no longer the case 1/?
The most recent data are showing a decline in case counts (when was the half term break?) and a slackening in the pace of hospitalizations, but it is clear that even if things slow (at least temporarily) the country is still in a bad place headed into the winter 2/?
Obviously the consequences of infections depend on who has been getting infected - even vaccinated older people are at higher risk than unvaccinated younger people (who are themselves not at zero risk. And even rare outcomes can add up when enormous numbers are infected) 3/?
Read 13 tweets
22 Oct
The situation in the UK right now is complicated, with increasing cases while vaccines keep the very worst consequences at bay. However that makes no difference to the status of this as a contender for the most stupid statement of the pandemic bbc.com/news/uk-politi…
I wear masks at work unless alone in my office. Compliance is pretty good though not universal all the time. These are people I know. There have been no outbreaks there as yet. And we would know as we are all tested weekly
While I am at work I see people I know. Their ability to infect me is not altered by my knowing them. Most infections will be by someone you know
Read 4 tweets
14 Oct
A short 🧵 about the value of rapid tests. As long time followers will know, a runny nose is not very informative for me because I have allergies, and they have been playing up recently. I had three -ve PCR tests, but a worsening of symptoms over the weekend had me anxious... 1/?
even worse, I was visiting (vaccinated) friends and hanging out indoors and unmasked. You might think that epidemiologists are safer than most to hang with, and I could think of no known exposures, but I couldn't escape the (irrational) sense that fate has a sense of irony 2/?
After all, the prevalence is not super high here but I have been riding city buses, going to work etc and while it's not like I've been attending illegal raves (those days are past) I have been venturing indoors. So my persistently runny nose had me a bit 😬 3/?
Read 9 tweets
1 Oct
This fascinating article from @dylanlscott clearly draws out how those who sought to belittle the risk early in the pandemic have wound up embracing ineffectual and dangerous alternatives to vaccines, even as the virus keeps killing vox.com/coronavirus-co…
Key line: "people have still proven quite capable of shaping and reshaping a narrative that doesn’t require them to admit they might have been wrong." And sadly this includes a small but vocal minority of scientists you'd hope would know better
The protection of vaccination should be extended to all those who want it, and that *includes* giving people accurate information, from a trusted and trustworthy source, that helps them make the right choice
Read 10 tweets
15 Sep
When I see statements like this, especially now, I wonder what people mean by "the overwhelming of [healthcare]"

We shouldn't talk about healthcare being overwhelmed, we should talk about it being compromised or otherwise damaged, in a way that could have been avoided 1/?
Healthcare is compromised when elective surgeries are canceled, when screening is canceled. It is compromised when we run low on ICU nurses because they are needed in too many places or because they are sick with a virus 2/?
It is compromised when campaigns against scourges like malaria, TB or polio are damaged because of an uncontrolled pandemic 3/?
Read 5 tweets
6 Sep
Some more thoughts prompted by this article - the notion of an 'end' to the pandemic is itself faulty in my opinion. But that emphatically does *not* mean interventions forever. It means that the transition to endemic disease can and should be managed 1/?
The reason 'end' is dangerous is that it suggests a date when everything changes overnight and we return to 'normal'. That takes no account of variants, waning immunity or the fact that most of the world is struggling to access vaccines, among many other things 2/?
However in vaccinated places it is true things are *much* better than they easily could be, but that doesn't mean the pandemic is 'over'. This is Oregon and Idaho *now*. 3/? nytimes.com/2021/09/06/us/…
Read 12 tweets

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