You are ALWAYS allowed to claim self-defense in your defense. You are allowed to claim anything at all in your own defense. That is what “defense” means.
In terms of real attack, you are allowed to use as much force as you judge necessary to repel the attack.
It terms of legal justification of your actions, you are allowed to claim anything you wish — whether you can *establish* the claim in court is another matter.
Our justice system does not always work the way an ideal justice system would (none do) — but the letter of the law is correct:
Since self-defense justifies use of force, one can, when asked to justify one’s use of force, claim self-defense. Other citizens will judge your claim.
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The fact that so many people are so impressed by the argument from evil is a sign that it is a very bad argument.
“Taking the argument from evil seriously” means different things.
There is a way in which I do not take it seriously, and a way in which I do.
I do not take the argument from evil seriously insofar as I do not regard it as a strong or deeply serious threat to belief in God, not do I take it seriously as a deep, real, meaningful philosophical question.
The natural right to be armed is, fortunately, one that ordinary Americans understand.
The state has the primary responsibility to ensure the non-violation of the rights of citizens, but the state cannot be and ought not to be an omnipresent surveillance state.
Someone attacking you with lethal force can happen *very* quickly. There will *always* be cases in which the agents of the state cannot get there in time to do anything meaningful.
When the state cannot act, one retains one’s natural right to act in one’s own defense.
And like all rights, the natural right to self-defense carries with it *the possibility of meaningfully exercising the right*.
A right you cannot exercise is no right.
And since someone seeking your life may be armed, you have a right to be armed. For many, this is needed.
Let’s consider S.O.S., the signal of distress in Morse Code.
Most people still know this, that it consists of three dots followed by three dashes followed by three more dots.
∙ ∙ ∙ — — — ∙ ∙ ∙
This is a signal that transmits encoded information.
But how?
If a time traveler were to go back the time of Odysseus, and find himself on Odysseus’ ship, sailing straight for the channel between Scylla and Charybdis, he might try frantically signaling S.O.S.
In vain.
The information will be opaque to anyone but the sender.
Why?
Because it is a code, which encodes a specific meaning for those who are familiar with the code — it is a linguistic thing. When we say “3 dots, 3 dashes, 3 dots” or “S.O.S.” *means* “We are in Distress. Help urgently requested” we note the conventional, stipulated meaning.
Jaleel Stallings [a black man] fired on police officers during the George Floyd riots. Why? They shot at him first and he didn’t know they were cops [they didn’t identify themselves] — so he shot back.
NOT GUILTY. SELF DEFENSE.
I feel I need to say that Stallings was not out during the riots, well, *rioting*.
He was in fact “doing a Kyle Rittenhouse.”
He was a veteran who armed himself and stationed himself outside a gas station owned by friend of his, in order to protect it.
The cops were just shooting people [with rubber bullets, although *not* using the guns with orange barrels they were supposed to]. Some guy ran by shouting “They’re shooting people!” [which was true].
The cops didn’t say they were cops, and fired on Stallings, who fired back.
The Woke fervently believe that protecting children from adult things is a kind of “violence” done to the children. Children *must be* sexualized in the Woke understanding — because the “innocence of children” myth *must be* dismantled.
They want to sexualize children in deliberate ways, rather than allowing them to be safe and to develop normally and naturally.
That is, they want to sexually groom children.
It does not matter that they pretend that “normal and natural” is “oppression.”
Data are relata. More, they are meaningful relata. But to be meaningful, a consciousness is needed for which the meaning is meaningful, which is another relation. Hence, data are relata wherein the relation is related to another.
Dataless information is an oxymoron. All information is comprised of data (or at least a datum). But as meaningful relata, data are what they are only for us, not in themselves. A bare relation suffices to constitute the entities related as relata, but not as data.
It follows that information is not information in-itself but only for consciousness.
It further follows that information belongs necessarily to the psychical part of being, not the physical.
That data and information can be ‘physicalized’ should not surprise us: we can SPEAK.