2015/2018/2021 IECC (insulation codes) are all good enough.
But they’re not enforced, and it’s gonna be TOUGH.
But some are looking for opportunities like this fellow.
It’s really tough to fudge leakage tests, so it’s a key tool.
Although duct leakage in northern homes with ducts in heated space doesn’t matter all that much. While home air leakage does.
Down south with ducts in attics, both duct and home leakage matter.
Most southern new home duct systems are abortions btw. Kinked flex duct with almost no flow that get drywalled into the ceiling and can’t be replaced without nearly gutting the house. Passes the test though…
Energy use will tell the tale of bad installs though…
This is what code enforcement looks like in reality.
Pencil whipping.
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This is a ~2000 sf 1950s Cape Cod in Cleveland Heights.
Full case study on the insulation and air sealing project we did here. It was about $20K and was focused in the attics of this house (it has 4, or was it 5?)
The house started off really leaky at 5800 cfm50 blower door. We got it down to 3100 cfm50. Still not great, but far better. And good enough it turned out.
The house fundamentally changed. The second floor wasn't 10 degrees warmer in summer anymore, it was within 2-3 degrees.
Tight well insulated homes perform well, exhibit A:
This 5000 sf new home in Cleveland with an 80kbtu 98% furnace and 4 ton heat pump is only at 67% capacity at 8F. That’s about 53kbtu/18kw output.
A 4 ton heat pump would be appropriate here. For a huge house!
As we discuss resilience, air tightness is important. This house clocked a 1025 cfm50 blower door or about 1 ACH50.
Exhibit B: 2300 sf 1950 built ranch. 3 ton heat pump. 2000 cfm50. This heat pump shuts down automatically below 3 F. 5 kw/15,000 btus of backup heat is handling the house at this moment.
As painful as it is to watch what's going on in Texas, the residential solution basically looks like what we should be doing anyway:
-Tighter, more efficient homes
-Smaller, more efficient HVAC
-Batteries
-More local generation like community solar
Hard to sell tho!
The fact of the matter is we humans don't change until the pain of not changing is greater than the pain of changing.
In residential resiliency creating a comfortable, healthy, and efficient home is a great deal of work. Work that few contractors are good at selling or doing.
The situation in Texas brings up very valid concerns about electrification - how do we handle the really tough cold snaps?
The heat pump water heater price difference was outrageous!
$4600 is high for the midwest, but I can see it. $7000 is highway robbery. And I seldom give contractors a hard time for pricing.
That's what having fear priced in looks like, or not wanting the job.
Most of California can basically swap a furnace for a heat pump, although the experience with single stage equipment may be mediocre (loud and lots of blowing air.)
Cold climates need to swap very carefully or experiences will suck, which will act like an anchor on demand.