If you’re wondering what difference a booster makes, THIS is the key!
An mRNA booster on top of prior infection OR on top of two doses of vaccine confers 30X to 200X HIGHER neutralization titers versus Omicron.
Let’s talk about that! 🧵
NOTE: If you see PMS20, it is an antibody resistant spike designed for purpose of studies.
In regards to infection. Analysis of plasma from convalescent individuals (1M, 6M, and 12M after previous infection) shows substantial Omicron neutralization escape. Remember, again, we are only looking at nAbs.
In regards to previous vaccination. Analysis of plasma from individuals who were previously vaccinated with either 2 doses of mRNA OR one dose of Johnson & Johnson shows substantial Omicron neutralization escape. Remember, again, we are only looking at nAbs.
Conclusion? Protection versus INFECTION with two doses is LOWER (as it is also with immunity from a previous infection) so we will likely see more reinfections or “breakthrough” infections, BUT protection versus severe IS likely still present. nAbs are only ONE part of your
immune response! What this shows is Omicron CAN be managed with hybrid immunity (combination of vaccination and previous infection) OR BOOSTERS, so GET PROTECTED. You can find this study here: drive.google.com/file/d/1zjJWsy…
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Early data out of SAMRC shows Omicron causes milder symptoms (with recovery within 3 days), two doses of Pfizer ARE effective against hospitalization, AND data indicates that the severity of Omicron is 29% LOWER than D614G (first) wave of COVID-19 infections in South Africa.🧵
This study looks at data from 78,000 Omicron patients in South Africa. There are 38 admissions per 1,000 Omicron cases, compared to 101 admissions per 1,000 for Delta. The proportion of hospitalized patients needing ICU is 13% for this wave compared to 30% in previous waves.
This study found that individuals vaccinated with two doses of Pfizer’s vaccine were 70% less likely to be hospitalized with Omicron compared to unvaccinated individuals. While this is LOWER than the protection vs. Delta, PLEASE KEEP IN MIND THE FOLLOWING
People keep asking me my thoughts on Omicron. All I can do is let the data speak for itself. South Africa’s CFR is about to be lower than the UK’s. To note, their death rate is now 1 in 200- the lowest it has been throughout the pandemic and 10x lower than last September.
If you’re going to ask me about Denmark hospitalizations, a QUARTER of those hospitalizations tested positive 48 hours AFTER admission. Not to mention, 14 of those 27 have ALREADY been discharged. That’s already half right there.
According to health officials at the CDC and ECDC, the most common Omicron symptoms include cough, fatigue, and a runny nose. The data is an early sign that vaccines ARE continuing to do their job of warding off severe illness. Omicron being “MILDER” is likely DUE TO IMMUNITY.
Yesterday, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released a report on the first 43 Omicron cases confirmed across 22 US states. The cases were by and large mild. One person was hospitalized, discharged after two days and has already recovered. cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/7…
Europe has identified 337 Omicron cases across 21 countries. Each of the cases has been either asymptomatic or mild, and no Omicron deaths have been reported, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control said on Wednesday in its latest update. ecdc.europa.eu/en/news-events…
Immunity is more than just neutralizing antibodies.
Immunological memory consists of antibodies, memory B-cells, memory CD8+ T-cells, and memory CD4+ T-cells. These responses are what give us enduring protection even against newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Immunological memory is probably the most important feature of immunity as it allows us to better respond when the threat is encountered a second time. Against SARS-CoV-2, it helps to determine protection against reinfection, disease risk, and vaccine efficacy.
World Health Organization: Preliminary data indicates hospitalizations in South Africa remain LOW, and emerging data indicates Omicron may cause LESS severe illness and is MILDER, but possibly more transmissible. Immunity through vaccination and previous infection is kicking in!
While researchers are still working to determine whether omicron is fueling the surge, the WHO said that emerging data from South Africa indicates the new variant may cause less severe illness. Data on COVID-19 hospitalizations across South Africa between November 14th and
December 4th show that intensive care unit occupancy was only 6.3%, which the WHO said is very low compared with the same period when the country was facing the peak linked to the Delta variant in July.
Fantastic news. Initial lab studies show a third dose of Pfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine neutralizes Omicron. A booster with the current version of the vaccine RAISES antibodies 25-FOLD providing a similar level as observed after two doses against the original virus and other variants!
As 80% of epitopes in the spike protein recognized by CD8+ T-cells are not affected by the mutations in Omicron, two doses MAY STILL induce protection against severe disease.
Blood plasma from people immunized with two doses of the vaccine had a 25-fold reduction in neutralizing antibody levels versus Omicron, when compared with the original strain of the virus, boosters RESTORE that loss.