Do Maturidiyah affirm a known meaning for Sifāt like As-Sam' and Al-Basar? [Part 1]
They do not affirm the specific meaning, rather they only affirm that which connects Allah with the creation (not a defined literal connection). For example as Allamah Taftazani in his famous Sharh Aqāid an-Nasafiyyah He says:
As-Sam', it is the Sifah which associates with that which can be heard. Al-Basar, it is the Sifah which associates with that which can be seen.
As we see in the example above, you can only see an outer-lined explanation to what results in the Sifah, but not the Sifah itself. So in fact, for these attributes to be claimed that we know its specific meaning, by those who argue we only affirm XYZ but not ABC,
is a total position of ignorance.
For the attributes of Al-Hayat, Qudrah, and Iradah, he gives us an explanation about their necessity, not what they in fact are themselves, however, what their goals and outcomes are (i.e. for Mumkin Al-Wujud to exist).
A very similar understanding can be found by another Maturidi scholar, Mulla Ali Qari Al-Hanafi who says similar things in his Sharh on Al-Fiqh Al-Akbar.
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"He was a Murji', they (the people of knowledge) were silent upon him, in what regards his opinion and his (knowledge of) Hadith." [Tarikh al-Kabir]
Under the scope of Ahl as-Sunnah, we find many definitions of Iman. The Ahl al-Hadith would say:
“Imān is to be convinced with the inner heart, to affirm with the tongue and to carry out actions with various parts of the body.” This description has been
It literally says, to say Yad, like a Yad.. (any yad as the word is Nakirah) is Tashbih. So what can we say now? We can say Allah has a Yad which is unlike any Yad, meaning there is no known meaning from معاني البشر to apply to Allah and he has his own meaning of Yad.
And as for your statement asharis say we know the meaning of Hearing and Seeing, this is wrong. It is said that this is less Mutashabih as the other, as the other as we have been told about its functionalities in a clear manner. Juz 28
We only say what this means for us,
meaning he perceived, perceives and will perceive anything that is hearable.
Hearing for the created Ma'na is a total different Ma'na than that from Allah. We get to hear by sounds and perceive them through the ear and all the components found within. We hear it in the moment
Were Imam Abu Hanifah and his companions Murji'ah when they made the statement, 'Iman doesn't increase and decrease'?
It is pretty self evident by what Imam Abu Hanifah meant by this statement as we look at the proofs and explanations his own students give. Let's have a look.
Imām Abu Yusuf:
"I am a true believer, and I am a believer in the sight of Allah. I do not say: My Iman is like the Iman of Jibrīl & Mīkā'īl a.s."
Imam Muhammad:
It is Makrūh for a man to say: My Iman is like the Iman of Jibrīl. But we do say, I believe in that what Jibrīl &
Mīkā'īl believe in. (I.e. the articles of faith). And we do not say: My Iman is like the Iman of Abu Bakr R.a. However, we do say: I believe in that which Abu Bakr r.a. believes in."
1- We are all in agreement that the 'Arsh is creation [if it is not then you have committed blasphemy]
2- We are all in agreement that Allah's names indicate towards his attributes and that they are pre eternal.
3- Was Allah not الأعلى before he created the creation?
[If no then you have affirmed change for Allah]
Now in regards to the narration itself, it is an obligatory view that Allah is The Most High, regardless of the creation being existent or not. This means, even before Allah created the 'Arsh, he was above it all.
In the issue of Imam Muhammad's statement, the Sifāt are derived from the Qur'an and Sunnah. Hereby, another principal needs mentioning (I also slightly touched upon this before).
- The Sifāt of Allah have different levels of Shubhah, some contain more ambiguity than others. Yet, all are Mutashabih. For example, the Sifaat Aqliyyah are more easily known due to the fact that they are attributes which can not only be known by the Qur'an and Sunnah, rather
they can be known by mere intellect.
For example, the sifah of qudrah. If Allah had no ability, then we would exist. Yet again, we do not know what this attribute actually is while we are clearer about knowing what Allah would carry out with this attribute due to the clearer