1/6
The banking system is struggling to meet loan quotas while keeping bad debt under control. "Chinese bank rushed to meet their annual state-imposed lending quotas last month by buying up low-risk financial instruments rather than issue loans."
ft.com/content/70451e…
2/6
The article goes on to cite one banker as saying: “The authorities want us to support the real economy while keeping bad debts under control. That is difficult to achieve in the current business environment.”
3/6
In fact this has been the heart of the problem in the Chinese economy for the past 10-15 years. The banking sector is responsible for boosting economic activity to meet high GDP growth targets but, in so doing, has had to run up enormous debts that cannot be repaid.
4/6
This required the constant rolling over of hidden bad debts in order to work, which means it was always going to come to a head once the authorities tried to get bad debts under control. That seems to be what is happening now.
5/6
I suspect that the regulators will ease pressure on the banks soon enough in order to get economy to pick up speed again, but while this will provide a breather for the banks and the economy, it doesn't address the underlying problem at all.
6/6
At the end of the day Beijing can still only choose between getting debt under control and accepting much lower GDP growth rates, probably below 2-3%. What we have learned in the past year is how difficult it is to avoid this trade-off.

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More from @michaelxpettis

5 Jan
1/4
The RCEP consists of six countries with large current account surpluses that are structural in nature (China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand and Malaysia), two countries that are currently running large surpluses but that...
scmp.com/economy/global… via @SCMPNews
2/4
normally run deficits (Australia and Indonesia), one country with a small structural surplus (Vietnam), two countries with flexible current accounts (Philippines and New Zealand), and four countries too small to matter (Brunei, Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar).
3/4
A rough calculation suggests that balances of the seven countries that run structural surpluses are equal to 6-8 times the absolute value of the balances of the remaining 8 countries. The collective GDP of the former is 7 times the collective GDP of the latter.
Read 4 tweets
5 Jan
1/14
Very important paper by @AdamYLiu1, Jean Oi and Yi Zhang. The authors explain the the switch in the locus of borrowing to local governments and their proxies (the LGFVs) as part of a “Grand Bargain” imposed by Zhu Rongji.
2/14
They show that in the 1990s, “While increasing the center’s share of the tax revenues, Beijing needed to find ways to keep the provincial and local governments viable and motivated by allowing them to enjoy fiscal fruits of their own efforts.”
3/14
The solution? “The central government was ready to ‘tie its hands’ and grant full fiscal autonomy to the localities as long as they gave the center the newly increased amount of tax revenues stipulated in the 1994 reform.”
Read 14 tweets
4 Jan
1/9
In the same survey the PBoC found that 17.9% of urban residents in its sample intend to buy a house in the first quarter of 2022. This is the lowest share since September 2016.
2/9
At the end of the previous four years the shares of the sampled population intending to buy a home in the next three months were 23.0% (2017), 21.9% (2018), 20.7% (2019) and 19.9% (2020).
equalocean.com/briefing/20211…
3/9
I'm wary of reading too much into the data, but it seems that as of now there are 10% fewer people looking to buy homes than at this time last year, and on average 18% fewer than at the end of the three previous years. Most of that decline occurred in the past three months.
Read 9 tweets
3 Jan
1/4
SCMP: "Beijing intends for consumption to play the role of a 'ballast stone' to counter external headwinds, according to a five-year document released by multiple authorities on Friday."
scmp.com/economy/china-… via @scmpnews
2/4
The document goes on to say: "It is urgent for us to improve the quality and capacity of consumption, to unleash the potential of domestic consumption, and to build a strong domestic market."
3/4
They're right, of course, but they've been saying this for 15 years without getting much closer to doing so. And it's still not clear that regulators are any closer to understanding how to rebalance domestic demand.
Read 4 tweets
3 Jan
1/6
This seems pretty significant: according to a PBoC survey, "a majority of Chinese residents think home prices will stay unchanged or fall in the first quarter of 2022."
english.news.cn/20220102/873fb…
2/6
The Xinhua article provides the details: "56.7% of respondents expect home prices to remain flat during the first quarter, while 15.2% forecast a fall. Some 16.8% of respondents expect an increase in home prices."
3/6
This matters because speculative markets rise mainly on expectations of further rises. For many years the main reason for buying hugely overpriced apartments in China's major cities was the expectation that prices could only go up.
Read 6 tweets
2 Jan
1/4
"Smaller enterprises account for 60 per cent of China's GDP and 80 per cent of urban employment. But they have also suffered the brunt of the economic downturn brought by the pandemic, despite tax and fee cuts from the government."
scmp.com/economy/china-… via @scmpnews
2/4
Lower fees and taxes, easier credit, better infrastructure, and other supply-side measures can help private-sector businesses if their problem consists mainly of high costs, scarce or expensive credit, or other constraints on their abilities to serve burgeoning demand.
3/4
This was certainly the case during most of the past four decades. These same supply-side measures cannot help, however, if the main problem is weak demand, which seems to have become the case in the past several years.
Read 4 tweets

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