✳️ 10 tweets to catch-up on the most recent #NephJC ✳️
This week - when is the ideal time to start dialysis in progressive chronic kidney disease?
Later starts lower the burden on patients & use of healthcare resources, but what’s the trade-off?
What did I miss?
Previous observational studies analysing outcomes by eGFR at point of dialysis initiation suffered from immortal time bias, survivor bias, and lead time bias. This trial used clever new statistical methods to avoid these flaws!
✅ Target trial emulation using “cloning, censoring & weighting” method used to avoid biases mentioned above
1 tweet results
🔹3822 patients started dialysis over 3.1 years follow-up (60:40 HD to PD ratio)
🔹Early starters based on eGFR enjoyed a statistically significant mortality benefit
🛑 BUT, they’d need to start dialysis 4 years earlier to increase survival by 1.6 months
A figure paints 1000 words
Give me something clever to say
“A study made it appear that Oscar winners lived longer than their less successful peers but this was actually just an example of immortal time bias: winners had to live long enough to win, unlike the comparison group of non-winners”
Chat consensus?
1️⃣ Previous observational studies introduced biases & we should disregard their conclusions
2️⃣ Using new statistical methods to mimic a clinical trial is exciting
3️⃣ If you’re a “wait for symptoms” nephrologist, it’s not time to change your practise
Quote of the fortnight!
Admittedly relates to acute dialysis rather than starting in outpatient CKD, but still one to make nephrologists chuckle. @captainchloride
Cochrane & KDIGO recommend children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) take low dose pred during upper resp tract infection (URTI) to ⬇️relapse risk, based on 4 small studies - does this hold up in a big RCT?
What did I miss?
We actually covered two studies this week in collaboration with @ipnajc but we can’t do both in #TenTweetNephJC! We’ll focus on the PREDNOS-2 trial.
Recent unsuccessful #RCT: STOP-IgA (immunosuppression+supportive care isn’t superior to supportive care alone) & TESTING (corticosteroids reduce risk of #ESRD but cause serious infections) were covered by @NephJC: nephjc.com/iga-nephropath…
and nephjc.com/news/2017/8/28… … (2/16)
Question for the #NephTwitter: What percentage of patients with IgA nephropathy develop #ESKD by 10 years? (3/16)
1/ #Tweetorial#NephJC#Hypernatremia Reviews and guidelines say to correct hypernatremia in adults by no more than 10 mmol/L per day. This is based on little hard data, has little support in literature and may be harmful nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
2/ What rate do you target for the correction of chronic (>48 hours or present on admission) hypernatremia #NephJC
3/ The rapid lowering of serum sodium will lower the tonicity of the extracellular compartment. Water will then be osmotically drawn into relatively hypertonic intracellular compartment. This can cause cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure. #NephJC