The earliest English & Welsh burial records go back to 1538, when Henry VIII made it law that parishes keep registers of baptisms, marriages and burials.
But a few records and medieval memorials survive to give us clues about people who were laid to rest in earlier times. #thread
The earliest record of a burial at St Beuno's, Penmorfa, is found in The History of the Gwydir Family, written by Sir John Wynn of Gwydir Castle in Caernarvonshire (1553-1626). The book, which was a big hit in 17thC North Wales, aimed to show that Sir John had royal ancestry.
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Sir John wrote that in abt 1450, Ivan Ap Meredith Ap Howell (constable of Criccieth) had joint command of Caernarfon but "dying at Caernarvon, his body was brought by sea (for the passages by land were shut by Owen Glyndwr's forces), to Penmorva, his parish church, to be buried."
However, as late as 1870, a stone marking an even older burial could be seen in St Beuno's. It was inscribed with the year 1322, and locals believed it to be the burial place of the owner of Rhiwaedog, an ancient estate in the Penllyn forest, about 30 miles from Penmorfa.
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There were many legends associated with Rhiwaedog. One such legend tells of an egg-sized crystal which was passed from generation to generation and is said to have had the power to foretell the death of the head of the household when its brilliant colour became clouded.
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Unfortunately, what became of the 14th century gravestone at St Beuno's after 1870 is a mystery.
But here's Penmorfa churchyard in Gwynedd today, glimpsed from the Lychgate.
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⭐️ Bonus tweet: The earliest dated version of The History of the Gwydir Family has been digitised by @nlwales. A gold star to anyone who can find the page mentioning Penmorfa ... ⭐️
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What does a Catholic chapel in the Cotswolds have in common with an Anglican church in the mountains of Cyprus?
Come with us on a journey from Brownshill to Troodos to find out …
In the late 1920s, Bertha Kessler and Katherine Hudson founded a Catholic retreat at Brownshill, in the Cotswolds, for people suffering from mental illness. They were inspired to build a chapel there, overlooking the Golden Valley.
They took their modest budget to W.D. Caröe, architect to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners. At 73, he had already designed 30 Anglican and non-conformist churches. The distinctive church he created at Brownshill — along with its furnishings — was eclectic, yet unpretentious ...
There are remains of roodscreens in ~300 churches in Wales. They were constructed in a short period: two generations either side of 1500, and take three forms: veranda, coved and vaulted.
This survival at Llanelieu is the most complete example of a veranda loft in Wales. #thread
Towards the of last year the @RCAHMWales published, Painted Temples: Wallpaintings and Rood-screens in Welsh Churches, 1200–1800 by Richard Suggett. For information and images, this book is a treasure trove.
One chapter deals exclusively with rood screen, which in Wales are distinctive not only for their “lavish enrichment, fluent decoration and curious carvings”, but also for the literary dimension – as several screens had poems written about them.
In the Vale of Aylesbury, there are low-lying limestone hills surrounded by clays and sands. There, at Waddesdon Hill in 1792, ragged limestone was used to build the Strict & Particular chapel. And under the pebble-dash render, we found an ammonite as big as your head!
The chapel had a thick layer of lumpy cement render on three sides, the last side had a light slurry of lime mortar. The render was causing problems of damp and decay, so we removed it to replace with a more permeable lime layer.
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During the removal, we’ve been fascinated by all the fossils – some small, some enormous – that we’ve uncovered. The gigantic ammonite spiral is a real thrill, but there are several brachiopods (clam-shell shape) and chunky crinoid stems too.
The majestic 15th-century roodscreen fills the interior. It bursts with life: the bressumer trails with vines, pomegranates and water-plant issuing from the mouth of a wyvern. The vines symbolise Christ. The pomegranate represents eternal life.
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The thirty-four coving panels are decorated with seventeen different designs, creating a restlessness. The tracery heads hang like lace. The loft carries a line of twenty-five canopied niches. The carving is the work of the Newtown School of Carvers, Montgomeryshire.
In churches, hard surfaces and sharp angles of stone, brick, glass and wood are softened by the delicate draping of intricately woven and embroidered altar-cloths, comfortable cushioning of communion kneelers & pleasing curves of plump hassocks, stitched with great care. 🪡
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Today we’re celebrating our churches’ softer side …
1. Altar cloth, St Mary's, Long Crichel, Dorset ⬆️
2. Altar frontal, St Philip's, Caerdeon, Gwynedd ⬇️
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3. Hassocks, St Andrew's, Woodwalton, Cambridgeshire
When we took Tuxlith Chapel in West Sussex into our care in the 1970s, it had been derelict for decades. At the time we didn't have enough money to re-instate the lath and plaster ceiling, so we nailed some painted boards across the ceiling.
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This did the trick until last year, when the boards began to fail, so we went back, and this time, thanks to a Culture Recovery Fund grant, we can restore the lath and plaster ceiling.
The plasterer, Ian Holloway, carefully removed all the rusting nails and damp boards, and has set out the base for his plaster: carefully spaced riven oak laths.