I'll be adding short important points which would hopefully help in remembering certain concepts during #PLAB preparation, to this thread🧵every now and then as I take them out from my scattered notes. Feel free to comment your tips and tricks which would help others, as well 👇
Please don't take any of these as medical advice 😂🙏. Real life stuff is much more nuanced. These are just clinchers for the sake of the exam.
#PLAB
#PLAB
1. Drug contraindications...
-Avoid BAN drugs in Asthma (Beta blockers, aspirin, NSAIDS) &
-DAMN drugs in diarrhoea (Diuretics, ACEIs, Metformin, NSAIDs)
#PLAB
-Avoid BAN drugs in Asthma (Beta blockers, aspirin, NSAIDS) &
-DAMN drugs in diarrhoea (Diuretics, ACEIs, Metformin, NSAIDs)
#PLAB
2. Number of cranial nerves at a particular level - Remember 2244.(For the exam)
CN 1,2 Cerebrum. (First 2)
CN 3,4 Midbrain. (Next 2)
CN 5,6,7,8 Pons. (Next 4)
CN 9,10,11,12 Medulla. (Next 4)
#PLAB #Neurology
CN 1,2 Cerebrum. (First 2)
CN 3,4 Midbrain. (Next 2)
CN 5,6,7,8 Pons. (Next 4)
CN 9,10,11,12 Medulla. (Next 4)
#PLAB #Neurology
3. Dementia clinchers
-Vascular dementia:STEPWISE progression
-Frontotemporal dementia(Pick's disease):disinhibition,difficulty 'PICK'ing right words
-Lewy Body dementia:LBD LSD (Visual hallucinations)/(Lewy sees bodies)+mild Parkinsonism+FLUCTUATING levels of attention&awareness
-Vascular dementia:STEPWISE progression
-Frontotemporal dementia(Pick's disease):disinhibition,difficulty 'PICK'ing right words
-Lewy Body dementia:LBD LSD (Visual hallucinations)/(Lewy sees bodies)+mild Parkinsonism+FLUCTUATING levels of attention&awareness
4A- True dementia including Alzheimer's disease: patient is BROUGHT TO THE HOSPITAL/DOCTOR BY SOMEONE ELSE (family member/neighbour/police) .. this denotes that they DO NOT HAVE INSIGHT about their problem and unaware of their condition.
#PLAB #Neurology
#PLAB #Neurology
4B - Pseudodementia (depressive dementia) : as depression patients they also HAVE INSIGHT about their problem and they PRESENT ON THEIR OWN and usually they have a past history of depression.
#PLAB #Neurology
#PLAB #Neurology
5. #Radiology clinchers #PLAB
Air fluid level in -
*UPPER MEDIASTINUM - pharyngeal pouch (Zenker's diverticulum).
*BEHIND THE HEART - Hiatus hernia
Air fluid level in -
*UPPER MEDIASTINUM - pharyngeal pouch (Zenker's diverticulum).
*BEHIND THE HEART - Hiatus hernia
6. Diffuse esophageal spasm - CCCC
Symptoms - Chest pain.
Cause - Cold ingestion.
Dx - Corkscrew appearance on barium studies.
Rx - Calcium channel blockers.
#PLAB
Symptoms - Chest pain.
Cause - Cold ingestion.
Dx - Corkscrew appearance on barium studies.
Rx - Calcium channel blockers.
#PLAB
7. #PLAB clinchers
-Post ERCP : RUQ pain = ascending cholangitis.
-Post ERCP : epigastric pain = acute pancreatitis.
-Post ERCP : RUQ pain = ascending cholangitis.
-Post ERCP : epigastric pain = acute pancreatitis.
8. #PLAB #Pharmacology
Advise patients to NOT TO LIE DOWN FOR 30 MINS AFTER TAKING ALENDRONATE so that it rapidly reaches the stomach.
Otherwise it can cause OESOPHAGEAL STRICTURES.
Advise patients to NOT TO LIE DOWN FOR 30 MINS AFTER TAKING ALENDRONATE so that it rapidly reaches the stomach.
Otherwise it can cause OESOPHAGEAL STRICTURES.
9A. #Gastroenterology clinchers for #PLAB
-severe sudden RUQ pain - BILIARY COLIC.
-RUQ pain + Fever with chills - ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS.
-RUQ pain+ Fever+ Jaundice - ASCENDING CHOLANGITIS.
-Post partum RUQ+ Pruritis - CHOLESTASIS.
-severe sudden RUQ pain - BILIARY COLIC.
-RUQ pain + Fever with chills - ACUTE CHOLECYSTITIS.
-RUQ pain+ Fever+ Jaundice - ASCENDING CHOLANGITIS.
-Post partum RUQ+ Pruritis - CHOLESTASIS.
9B.
-Pruritis in Middle age women+AMA+ Associated SJOGREN Syndrome - PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS.
-Pruritis+Ulcerative colitis/Chron's+ Dx by ERCP -PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS.
-Abnormal LFTS + Sec Amenorrhea/ any Auto immune disorder - Autoimmune Hepatitis
#PLAB #GIMED
-Pruritis in Middle age women+AMA+ Associated SJOGREN Syndrome - PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS.
-Pruritis+Ulcerative colitis/Chron's+ Dx by ERCP -PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS.
-Abnormal LFTS + Sec Amenorrhea/ any Auto immune disorder - Autoimmune Hepatitis
#PLAB #GIMED
12. CAH - Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
A=Aldosterone
T=Testosterone
Whichever position is taken up by '1' in 21,17,11, is increased
The clincher for CAH is ''she reached pubarache at age 11 -Early pubarache does not occur in PCOS // Cushing's syndrome
#PLAB #Endocrinology
A=Aldosterone
T=Testosterone
Whichever position is taken up by '1' in 21,17,11, is increased
The clincher for CAH is ''she reached pubarache at age 11 -Early pubarache does not occur in PCOS // Cushing's syndrome
#PLAB #Endocrinology
13. G6PD deficiency
G6PD deficiency -- fava beans -- Heinz body inclusions(Bite cells) -- drug induced(primaquine).
"I LOVE EATING BEAN SANDWICH WITH HIENZ KETCHUP.. TAKE A BITE " :P
#PLAB #Haematology
G6PD deficiency -- fava beans -- Heinz body inclusions(Bite cells) -- drug induced(primaquine).
"I LOVE EATING BEAN SANDWICH WITH HIENZ KETCHUP.. TAKE A BITE " :P
#PLAB #Haematology
14. Neuropathic Pain Rx -
Away (Amitriptyline)
Goes ( Gabapentin)
D ( Duloxetine)
Pain (Pregabalin).
#PLAB #Neurology
Away (Amitriptyline)
Goes ( Gabapentin)
D ( Duloxetine)
Pain (Pregabalin).
#PLAB #Neurology
15. #PLAB #Endocrinology
- Whipple's triad + ↓ insulin + ↓ c-peptide = Alcohol, Chronic illnesses or hypopituitarism.
- Whipple's triad + ↑ Insulin + ↑ c-peptide = Sulfonylurea or Insulinoma.
- Whipple's triad + ↑ Insulin + ↓ c-peptide = Exogenous Insulin.
- Whipple's triad + ↓ insulin + ↓ c-peptide = Alcohol, Chronic illnesses or hypopituitarism.
- Whipple's triad + ↑ Insulin + ↑ c-peptide = Sulfonylurea or Insulinoma.
- Whipple's triad + ↑ Insulin + ↓ c-peptide = Exogenous Insulin.
16. #PLAB #Haematology
-1 word 1 abnormality : Hemophilia : prolonged aPTT
-2 words 2 abnormalities: Von Willebrand : Prolonged aPTT and bleeding time
-3 Words 3 abnormalities : Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation : Prolonged PT, aPTT and Bleeding time
-1 word 1 abnormality : Hemophilia : prolonged aPTT
-2 words 2 abnormalities: Von Willebrand : Prolonged aPTT and bleeding time
-3 Words 3 abnormalities : Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation : Prolonged PT, aPTT and Bleeding time
17. #PLAB #Pharmacology
Adverse effects of combinations with Clarithromycin
- clarithro + statin - rhabdomyolysis
- clarithro + salbutamol - hypokalemia
Adverse effects of combinations with Clarithromycin
- clarithro + statin - rhabdomyolysis
- clarithro + salbutamol - hypokalemia
18. #PLAB #InfectiousDiseases
DR. Bruce works in a farm
(Doxycycline + Rifampicin - brucella - history of working in farm)
DR. Bruce works in a farm
(Doxycycline + Rifampicin - brucella - history of working in farm)
19. #PLAB #InfectiousDiseases
Children can safely go to school without the fear of spread of the disease in -
Mnemonic -Children Can Meet at School with Rashes.
Coxsackie virus ( Hand,foot and mouth)
Cold sores (HSV)
Molluscum
Slapped cheeck(Parvovirus)
Roseola
Children can safely go to school without the fear of spread of the disease in -
Mnemonic -Children Can Meet at School with Rashes.
Coxsackie virus ( Hand,foot and mouth)
Cold sores (HSV)
Molluscum
Slapped cheeck(Parvovirus)
Roseola
20. #PLAB #InfectiousDiseases
Roseola-
Rule of 3
Below age 3
Fever for 3 days
Rash for 3 days after fever
3+3 = HHV6 (causative organism)
Roseola-
Rule of 3
Below age 3
Fever for 3 days
Rash for 3 days after fever
3+3 = HHV6 (causative organism)
21. Diseases involving multiple organ systems
LIVER + BRAIN= WILSON
LIVER + LUNGS (COUGH)= ALPHA 1 ANTI TRYP.
GIT + LUNGS (COUGH) = Cystic Fibrosis
BRAIN+KIDNEY = Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
LUNGS +KIDNEY = Goodpasture
#PLAB
LIVER + BRAIN= WILSON
LIVER + LUNGS (COUGH)= ALPHA 1 ANTI TRYP.
GIT + LUNGS (COUGH) = Cystic Fibrosis
BRAIN+KIDNEY = Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
LUNGS +KIDNEY = Goodpasture
#PLAB
23. No need to memorize the entire APGAR score table.
If the baby is -
a)VERY LIVELY/GOOD : 2 Points b)DEAD: 0 points
c) ANYTHING IN BETWEEN: 1 point.
Then start counting whatever info is given.
You will understand it better once you solve the questions
#PLAB #Paediatrics
If the baby is -
a)VERY LIVELY/GOOD : 2 Points b)DEAD: 0 points
c) ANYTHING IN BETWEEN: 1 point.
Then start counting whatever info is given.
You will understand it better once you solve the questions
#PLAB #Paediatrics
24. #PLAB #Pharmacology
*zero order kinetics - remove fixed drug amount - clearance is variable
*1st order kinetics - remove fixed drug percentage - clearance is constant
Zero order-Watt Power
W- Warfarin
A- Aspirin, Alcohol
T- Theophylline
T- Tolbutamide
Power- Phenytoin
*zero order kinetics - remove fixed drug amount - clearance is variable
*1st order kinetics - remove fixed drug percentage - clearance is constant
Zero order-Watt Power
W- Warfarin
A- Aspirin, Alcohol
T- Theophylline
T- Tolbutamide
Power- Phenytoin
25. #PLAB #Rheumatology 😀 thanks @EMFFguru
https://twitter.com/EMFFguru/status/1509644648532299777?s=20&t=AlLJrMkb1mj_fuyyrsedMA
26. #PLAB #obgyntwitter
Sometimes it's difficult to differentiate between Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy(AFLP) and HELLP syndrome.
The clinchers for AFLP are -
1. Hypoglycaemia
2. Raised serum ammonia
3. Association with Pre-eclampsia
Sometimes it's difficult to differentiate between Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy(AFLP) and HELLP syndrome.
The clinchers for AFLP are -
1. Hypoglycaemia
2. Raised serum ammonia
3. Association with Pre-eclampsia
27. #PLAB #GI
-Asymptomatic cholelithiasis=Reassure
-Symptomatic cholelithiasis ie. with cholecystitis but stable pt=Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
-Unstable pt=ER cholecystectomy
-CholeDOcholithiasis - DO SOMETHING! (no matter whether symptomatic or not)= TREAT THE PT (ERCP)
-Asymptomatic cholelithiasis=Reassure
-Symptomatic cholelithiasis ie. with cholecystitis but stable pt=Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
-Unstable pt=ER cholecystectomy
-CholeDOcholithiasis - DO SOMETHING! (no matter whether symptomatic or not)= TREAT THE PT (ERCP)
28.
*Addison’s(⬇️cortisol)-Hyperkalemia, Hypotension, hypoglycemia and Metabolic Acidosis
*Conn’s(⬆️Aldosterone)-Hypokalemia, Hypertension and Metabolic Alkalosis
*PHEochromocytoma (⬆️catecholamines)-
(PHE) Palpitations, Headache, Hypertension,(ph)Flushing (sweating),EPISODIC
*Addison’s(⬇️cortisol)-Hyperkalemia, Hypotension, hypoglycemia and Metabolic Acidosis
*Conn’s(⬆️Aldosterone)-Hypokalemia, Hypertension and Metabolic Alkalosis
*PHEochromocytoma (⬆️catecholamines)-
(PHE) Palpitations, Headache, Hypertension,(ph)Flushing (sweating),EPISODIC
29. #PLAB #Endocrinology #obgyntwitter
-Premature ovarian failure: FSH>25 (2 values ,4wks apart)
-Post pill amenorrhea - normal FSH, LH, mildly raised prolactin
- Prolactinoma : prolactin>1000 or persistently raised >400
-Premature ovarian failure: FSH>25 (2 values ,4wks apart)
-Post pill amenorrhea - normal FSH, LH, mildly raised prolactin
- Prolactinoma : prolactin>1000 or persistently raised >400
30. #PLAB
-Polycythemia rubra Vera = JAK2 mutation
(Jack and Ruby are in love)
Rx -
-Venesection
-Chemotherapy — <40yrs— interferon, >40yrs — hydroxyurea,
-Aspirin 75mg OD
-Polycythemia rubra Vera = JAK2 mutation
(Jack and Ruby are in love)
Rx -
-Venesection
-Chemotherapy — <40yrs— interferon, >40yrs — hydroxyurea,
-Aspirin 75mg OD
31. #PLAB #Dermatology
-Bullous pemphigoi(D)=(D)eep Tense bullae + Old age+blisters (nikolsky signs negative)+itching, no oral lesions
-Pemphigu(S) vulgaris =(S)uperficial Flaccid Bullae+Adults+blisters (nikolsky sign positive) +painful (not pruritic) +extensive oral lesions
-Bullous pemphigoi(D)=(D)eep Tense bullae + Old age+blisters (nikolsky signs negative)+itching, no oral lesions
-Pemphigu(S) vulgaris =(S)uperficial Flaccid Bullae+Adults+blisters (nikolsky sign positive) +painful (not pruritic) +extensive oral lesions
33. #PLAB #Psychiatry
a. FLUOxetine stops FLOw of sperm ... ie. it causes inability to ejaculate.
b. HALoperidone HALts erection...that's erectile dysfunction.
c. Risperidone (RESperidone) causes RETrograde ejaculation.
a. FLUOxetine stops FLOw of sperm ... ie. it causes inability to ejaculate.
b. HALoperidone HALts erection...that's erectile dysfunction.
c. Risperidone (RESperidone) causes RETrograde ejaculation.
34. #PLAB #Pharmacology
In addition to this tweet,
clarithromycin+methadone=QT prolongation
clarithromycin+warfarin=increased INR
In addition to this tweet,
https://twitter.com/DrNishant_/status/1511771804213293056?s=20&t=ID5D-WMFCoHL8XlDtvHPxw
clarithromycin+methadone=QT prolongation
clarithromycin+warfarin=increased INR
35A. #PLAB #RespiratoryMedicine
#Asthma:
NICE guidelines
Step 1. SABA (salbutamol)
Step 2. SABA + ICS (beclomethasone)
Step 3. SABA + ICS + LRA (leukotriene receptor antagonist)
Step 4. SABA + ICS + LABA
#Asthma:
NICE guidelines
Step 1. SABA (salbutamol)
Step 2. SABA + ICS (beclomethasone)
Step 3. SABA + ICS + LRA (leukotriene receptor antagonist)
Step 4. SABA + ICS + LABA
35B. BTS guidelines
1: SABA(Salbutamol)
2: SABA+ICS(beclomethasone)
3: SABA+ICS+LABA(Salmeterol, formeterol)
4: SABA+ICS+LABA+LRA(Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists e.g Montelukast, Zafirlukast) OR Theophyline.
5:SABA+ICS+LABA+LRA/Theophylline+ Oral prednisolone.
1: SABA(Salbutamol)
2: SABA+ICS(beclomethasone)
3: SABA+ICS+LABA(Salmeterol, formeterol)
4: SABA+ICS+LABA+LRA(Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists e.g Montelukast, Zafirlukast) OR Theophyline.
5:SABA+ICS+LABA+LRA/Theophylline+ Oral prednisolone.
36A. #PLAB #Psychiatry Syndromes
-Ganser = Gangester seeking gain
-CAPgras= an imposter wearing the CAP of someone he knows
-Cotard = I am dead, bury me in the COURTYARD
-SOMATization = SYMpTOMS
-HypoCHONdriasis = CONDITION = disease
-MUNCHausen = MUCH attention
-Ganser = Gangester seeking gain
-CAPgras= an imposter wearing the CAP of someone he knows
-Cotard = I am dead, bury me in the COURTYARD
-SOMATization = SYMpTOMS
-HypoCHONdriasis = CONDITION = disease
-MUNCHausen = MUCH attention
36B. #PLAB #Psychiatry Syndromes
-Othello,, she can't handle her partners saying hello to others
-EkBOM's syndrome: incorrect belief that you're -BOMbarded with parasites/insects.
-Folie a deux - Madness of 2 - 2 closely related ppl believe the same thing
-Othello,, she can't handle her partners saying hello to others
-EkBOM's syndrome: incorrect belief that you're -BOMbarded with parasites/insects.
-Folie a deux - Madness of 2 - 2 closely related ppl believe the same thing
Haloperidol* 🤦🏻♂️
37.When to give NAC in Paracetamol poisoning?
-4 hours post ingestion and plasma conc. above the line
-8 hours post ingestion and 150mg/kg or unknown dose
-unknown time of ingestion
-staggered dose of ingestion
If ingestion > 8HR - GIVE NAC & then measure paracetamol level
-4 hours post ingestion and plasma conc. above the line
-8 hours post ingestion and 150mg/kg or unknown dose
-unknown time of ingestion
-staggered dose of ingestion
If ingestion > 8HR - GIVE NAC & then measure paracetamol level
38. BEFORE STARTING LITHIUM do:
*TFT-may mimic/precipitate mania&depression
*RFT-its excreted by kidneys
*S.calcium-toxicity causes Hypercalcaemia
AFTER STARTING LITHIUM
-S.lithium level after 1wk&den 3monthly
6MONTHLY-
*LFT,RFT
*Electrolytes&Urea
*TFT-for hypothyroidism
*TFT-may mimic/precipitate mania&depression
*RFT-its excreted by kidneys
*S.calcium-toxicity causes Hypercalcaemia
AFTER STARTING LITHIUM
-S.lithium level after 1wk&den 3monthly
6MONTHLY-
*LFT,RFT
*Electrolytes&Urea
*TFT-for hypothyroidism
39.Reminder during Sodium correction:
"High to low your brain will blow" (Cerebral Edema).
"Low to high your pons will die" (central pontine myelinolysis).
#PLAB
"High to low your brain will blow" (Cerebral Edema).
"Low to high your pons will die" (central pontine myelinolysis).
#PLAB
40. Remembering a common side effect :
ASPIRIN TOXICITY - TINNITUS!!!
(AspiRINGING in ears)
#PLAB #Pharmac
ASPIRIN TOXICITY - TINNITUS!!!
(AspiRINGING in ears)
#PLAB #Pharmac
41. #PLAB #Palliative
How to remember that Midazolam is used in catastrophic bleed in palliative patients ?
Midas touch gone horribly wrong and caused catastrophic bleeding
How to remember that Midazolam is used in catastrophic bleed in palliative patients ?
Midas touch gone horribly wrong and caused catastrophic bleeding
42. Nausea Rx #PLAB
RadiOH (O = Ondansetron H = Haloperidol)
CheMO (M = Metoclopramide O = Ondansetron)
Delayed Motility (gastric emptying)(D = Domperidone M = Metoclopramide)
PregnanC (Hyperemesis gravidarium) (P = Promethazine, Prochlorperazine C = Cyclizine, Chlorpromazine)
RadiOH (O = Ondansetron H = Haloperidol)
CheMO (M = Metoclopramide O = Ondansetron)
Delayed Motility (gastric emptying)(D = Domperidone M = Metoclopramide)
PregnanC (Hyperemesis gravidarium) (P = Promethazine, Prochlorperazine C = Cyclizine, Chlorpromazine)
43A. #PLAB #Palliative
Dose adjustments of analgesics-
*If Oral not tolerated, switch to S/C form.
*Switching routes/opoids needs to be analgesic equivalent and multiply or divide by conversion factor:
(refer next tweet)
Dose adjustments of analgesics-
*If Oral not tolerated, switch to S/C form.
*Switching routes/opoids needs to be analgesic equivalent and multiply or divide by conversion factor:
(refer next tweet)
43B. #PLAB #palliativecare
-PO Morphine to SC Morphine>Divide by 2
-PO Morphine to PO Oxycodoen>Divide by 2
-PO Oxycodone to SC Oxycodone>Divide by 2
-PO Morphine to SC Diamorphine>Divide by 3
-PO Codeine to PO Morphine>Divide by 10
-PO Tramadol to PO Morphine>Divide by 10
-PO Morphine to SC Morphine>Divide by 2
-PO Morphine to PO Oxycodoen>Divide by 2
-PO Oxycodone to SC Oxycodone>Divide by 2
-PO Morphine to SC Diamorphine>Divide by 3
-PO Codeine to PO Morphine>Divide by 10
-PO Tramadol to PO Morphine>Divide by 10
44A. #PLAB #Ethics
Regarding informing the DVLA
Group 1 = car and motorcycle.
Group 2 = bus and lorry
•Single TIA in group 1 drivers : stop driving ((1 month)) (3 months if post-MI)
•Multiple TIA in group 1 driver : advise to inform DVL ,if refused, inform by yourself.
Regarding informing the DVLA
Group 1 = car and motorcycle.
Group 2 = bus and lorry
•Single TIA in group 1 drivers : stop driving ((1 month)) (3 months if post-MI)
•Multiple TIA in group 1 driver : advise to inform DVL ,if refused, inform by yourself.
44B.
•Single TIA in group 2 drivers : stop driving ((1 year)) AND advise to inform DVLA , if refused, inform by yourself.
•Alzheimer, Stroke, Seizures Fit, Blackout, Obstructive sleep apnea --------> Advice to Inform DVLA , if refused, inform by yourself.
•Single TIA in group 2 drivers : stop driving ((1 year)) AND advise to inform DVLA , if refused, inform by yourself.
•Alzheimer, Stroke, Seizures Fit, Blackout, Obstructive sleep apnea --------> Advice to Inform DVLA , if refused, inform by yourself.
45. #Tonsillectomy-
Indications: "753,123"
- >7 episodes in 1yr
- >5 episodes in a year for 2 years
- >3 episodes in a year for 3 years
Complications:
*Primary haemorrhage - within 24hrs - Return to theatre
*Secondary haemorrhage - after 24hrs - Admit, antibiotics and observe
Indications: "753,123"
- >7 episodes in 1yr
- >5 episodes in a year for 2 years
- >3 episodes in a year for 3 years
Complications:
*Primary haemorrhage - within 24hrs - Return to theatre
*Secondary haemorrhage - after 24hrs - Admit, antibiotics and observe
46A. Tympanic Membrane findings in #ENT
#PLAB
*Teachers (T=Tympanosclerosis) use chalk -Chalky white plaque
*Dull grey or yellow retracted or bulging - OME (remember effusion will give a dull percussion note)
*Pink flamingo (Schwartz) - Otosclerosis
#PLAB
*Teachers (T=Tympanosclerosis) use chalk -Chalky white plaque
*Dull grey or yellow retracted or bulging - OME (remember effusion will give a dull percussion note)
*Pink flamingo (Schwartz) - Otosclerosis
46B. #PLAB #ENT
*Red, yellow or cloudy bulging-AOM
*Cartwheel appearance-ASOM
*White pearly mass behind TM-Cholesteatoma
*Attic-Ruptured TM
*Red, yellow or cloudy bulging-AOM
*Cartwheel appearance-ASOM
*White pearly mass behind TM-Cholesteatoma
*Attic-Ruptured TM
47. #PLAB #ENT
Weber test: "We Create Best Students"
Weber lateralized to Worst (We) ear in Conductive hearing loss (Create).
Weber lateralized to Better (Best) ear in Sensorineural hearing loss (Students).
Weber test: "We Create Best Students"
Weber lateralized to Worst (We) ear in Conductive hearing loss (Create).
Weber lateralized to Better (Best) ear in Sensorineural hearing loss (Students).
48. #PLAB #Ophthalmology
-GC---CG
(Glares in Cataract--- Coloured haloes in Glaucoma)
-Cells and flares - Iritis (Ant uveitis)
-Floaters in CURD
CMV retinitis
Uveitis
Retinal Detachment
Diabetic Retinopathy (proliferative)
-GC---CG
(Glares in Cataract--- Coloured haloes in Glaucoma)
-Cells and flares - Iritis (Ant uveitis)
-Floaters in CURD
CMV retinitis
Uveitis
Retinal Detachment
Diabetic Retinopathy (proliferative)
49. #PLAB #Ophthalmology
4 S in Cataract
1- Sunlight (UV light exposure)
2- Steroids (oral corticosteroids)
3- shortsighted (high myopia)
4-strike/smack (trauma)
glare at night > cataract
absent red reflex > cataract
dense opacities in fundus > cataract
steroid > cataract
4 S in Cataract
1- Sunlight (UV light exposure)
2- Steroids (oral corticosteroids)
3- shortsighted (high myopia)
4-strike/smack (trauma)
glare at night > cataract
absent red reflex > cataract
dense opacities in fundus > cataract
steroid > cataract
50. #PLAB #Anatomy
BALLS (Testis and Ovaries) drain into PALS (Para-aortic Lymph nodes)
while
SKINS (Scrotum and Vulva) drains into SINs (Superficial Inguinal Nodes)
😛
BALLS (Testis and Ovaries) drain into PALS (Para-aortic Lymph nodes)
while
SKINS (Scrotum and Vulva) drains into SINs (Superficial Inguinal Nodes)
😛
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