We know Twitter has the potential to confuse messaging around sensitive topics, including those of our research on #LMHR Therefore, I want to play 20Q with you about our papers! All answers can be found in the manuscripts! Begin! doi.org/10.3389/fendo.… pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35106434/
Question 1: The definition of a lean mass hyper responder is
Question 2: If you suffer from type 2 diabetes, you're at elevated risk of exhibiting increases in LDL-C on a ketogenic diet because you're metabolically unhealthy
Question 3: We argue in our papers that the elevated LDL-C found in #LMHR is of little clinical relevance, i.e. that high LDL-C is safe in this population
Question 4: Which of the following lifestyle interventions appears to be most highly effective in lowering LDL-C in lean mass hyper-responders based on our recent the case series and case report?
Question 5: The title of the case report on subject LM mentions which of this following topics?
Question 6: In the case report, why was CT angiography ordered on the subject?
A) To provide evidence high LDL-C is safe in LMHR
B) To try to convince the patient, LM, to take medication
C) Because the patient requested a CTA
D) B and C @Lpa_Doc
Question 7: In the case report, the CTA on subject LM was perfectly clean. From this we concluded:
A) the patient shouldn't take medication
B) more research needed on LMHR
C) the patient is at low lifetime risk for ASCVD
Question 8: In the case report on LM, when was LM's LDL the highest
A) When saturated fat intake was highest
B) When BMI was lowest
C) When dietary cholesterol intake was lowest
D) B and C
Question 9: In the LMHR cohort study, baseline LDL-C levels before low-carb diet among LMHR and non-LMHR were the same
Question 10: In the case report, the subject, LM, tried repeatedly to come off a therapeutic ketogenic diet in order to lower his LDL-C because he was concerned about the risk associated with high LDL-C.
Question 11: The proposed lipid energy model excludes the possibilities that fiber, genotype, or saturated fat intake can modify the the LMHR phenotype
Question 12: In our analysis of 70,310 patients in the NHANES 1999–2020 database for which there are LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG data, how many LMHR did we find?
Now things are gonna' get tricker. This is where we pick out the top students...
Question 13: In the cohort study, what were the pre-diet average LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG for LMHR?
Question 14: In the cohort study, what were the average LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG for LMHR on a low-carb diet?
Question 15: What is the difference between the mean BMI of LMHR and the mean BMI of an American in the NHANESIV dataset (hint: supplement)
Question 16: The day before we submitted the LMHR cohort study paper, co-author Dr. Adrian Soto-Mota was hit by a truck while in an uber and helped submit with a fractured spine because he is just that bad-ass
Question 17: Author, researcher, and LMHR, NGN suggests that everyone who is on the LMHR spectrum consider either coming off a keto diet or, if this is not possible, consider medication and work with their doctor to determine the best decision for them as an individual.
Question 18: (Opinion question/Poll)
If you are / were an LMHR, which would you do first?
Question 19: (Opinion question/Poll)
Do you feel further study on Lean Mass Hyper-responders is warranted?
Question 20: Did you learn something from these 20 questions? If 'yes' please comment with what you learned.
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1/ Fascinating article in @nytimes about Racism in Medicine and the Prison System. In brief, black man, Mr. M, is denied early release on the basis of a "racist" medical formula.
2/ Judge in New Jersey considered the plea of an inmate who claimed his kidney problems made #Covid_19 especially dangerous. The man, Maurice McPhatter, was one of more than 20,000 federal prisoners who have sought early release during the pandemic...
3/ If Maurice McPhatter was born with only one kidney and now had a large kidney stone. Results from a blood test scored Mr. McPhatter’s kidney function as low. HOWEVER... historic research done in the 1999s had established race-based adjustments for kidney function in blacks...
1/ What do these two picture have in common (Leftover odds and ends from a butcher and tater tots)? …
A thread on cultural culinary norms, health, and waste…
2/ Today, I got a compliment that made me very happy 😊. A butcher at the market told me, “Nick, I kept you a box of ‘undesirables’” by which he meant heads, organs, and trimmings that most people would find distasteful. And not only did I enjoy what became my lunch but…
3/ I enjoyed my spleen, hearts, two species of liver, sardine halves, salmon fat and skin, and gizzards genuinely more than I would (and have) enjoyed a $60+ steak, fish, or other meal at a fancy restaurant. The question is, why?
1/ "You can't outrun a bad diet, and neither can you outspend it." 💵🩺💊💵🩺💊
2/ I just read an interesting article in JAMA that asked the question, "Can wealthy Americans really buy the 'Best Healthcare in the World?'" Surprisingly (or not) the authors conclude that answer is, more or less, no. Here's what they did... jamanetwork.com/journals/jamai…
3/ They compared health outcomes (for metrics such as Fetal and Maternal Mortality and heart attack) of White U.S. Citizens living in top 1% and 5% richest counties to average American AND - importantly - with average residents in 12 other developed countries.
1/ Shortish thread about FGF21, a hormone secreted by the liver, muscles and other tissues that is profoundly interesting.
👉 Regulates lipids (HDL, LDL, LPL, ApoCIII and more)
👉 FGF21 analogs are being explored as a treatment for obesity, type II diabetes, NAFLD
2/ FGF21 really caught my attention when I read this paper, which provides compelling evidence that FGF21 is essential for in ketosis and lipid oxidation in mice on a ketogenic diet. cell.com/cell-metabolis…
3/ Ketogenic diet increased GF21 levels ~20-fold and knockdown of FGF21 created severe metabolic impairments including decreased ketones, hypertriglyceridemia, fatty liver, and decreased expression of ton of genes involved in lipid and ketone metabolism
2/ Study used Mendelian randomization 2assess possible effects of SPECIFIC pharmacological CETP or PCSK9 lowering on risk
Useful for assessing whether the failures of CETP inhibitors are more likely due to off-target or on-target effects and for directing future development...
3/ Some positive things:
👉MR analysis suggests CEPT inhibition could be useful4reducing coronary hard disease risk (OR=0.95) risk & thus further drug development may be warranted
👉CEPTi anacetrapib&evacetrapib most closely
reflected the on-target association of lower CETP...
1/ Time for another monster thread aimed at adding a bit of nuance to Twitter. This one is about Lean Mass Hyper-Responders, HDL, and it's topic might surprise you: Is ⬆️HDL-C in #LMHR bad? Read on to have thoughts provoked...
2/ Something I have intentionally yet to point out (but plan to include in upcoming writings) regards the potential adverse effects of high HDL-C in #LMHR? What?! High HDL is bad? Well, based on the epidemiology, yes. Multiple studies...
3/ including Copenhagen City Heart and CANHEART, report a U-shaped mortality curve whereby very low or very high HDL levels are associated with increased mortality. The most striking example is the blue line, which is all-cause mortality in CANHEART.