The theme for #WorldEnvironmentDay2022 is "Only One Earth." Let's consider the essential role that #ruminants play in global food production and the unique ecological advantages they offer. First, what's a ruminant? 1/3
The vast majority of our one Earth's surface is unsuited for the production of plant source foods. But it can produce plant fiber that ruminant animals are uniquely capable of using - converting a resource humans cannot utilize into food of highest nutritive quality. 2/3
Ruminant production systems can *share* the environments where they're managed w/ existing vegetation & wildlife. Plant source food production requires some degree of ecosystem domination. Grassland ecosystems endangered by conversion to crop production. 3/3
Bonus: Processing (arguably) human-edible food crops into other forms does not produce more food. There is an inevitable decrease in amount and quality. Ruminants increase the world's food supply and its nutritive quality.
Bonus bonus: There's no either/or. Livestock are an essential part of our food systems, integrated in many ways. Ruminants especially so. They can use crop residues, by products & processing wastes. They can also graze land that produces crops in the same season or in rotation.
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83% of all livestock feed is consumed by ruminants, which can utilize resources humans cannot consume directly.
86% of the feed consumed by all livestock is NOT human edible. This amount of grain is 26% of 2018 global cereal production. 2/4
Sources
Mottet, A., et al. (2018). "Review: Domestic herbivores and food security: current contribution, trends and challenges for a sustainable development." Animal 12(s2): s188-s198.
3/4
Why it's important to know what *they* mean by the phrase "nutrient dense."
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans' third suggestion to "make every bite count" -
You might think you know what they mean by "nutrient dense," but let's check. So #dairy & #meat only qualify if they're low-fat because naturally-occurring animal fats are not nutrients, per DGA. Lettuce, a vegetable, does, per DGA. Does this fit your definition?
It gets worse!
"Plain Shredded Wheat," "Vegetable Oil," & "Sparkling Water" are nutrient dense but not butter, per DGA!!
"These folks can't be serious" you might think. Wrong. When dealing with them, insist on understanding their terms & phrases. Metrics (& language) matter.
Might be time to question your proposed solutions... ? Why getting the thinking of the High-Income Country's nutrition establishment sorted out on metabolic health and non-communicable diseases matters to the 85% of humanity living in Low- & Middle-Income countries.
Previous graphic from globalnutritionreport.org/reports/2021-g…
Read it to understand their mindset & world view.
How can the knowledge of human nutrition and metabolic health be incorporated into the global efforts? Imagine the possible impacts...
Following graphics from document cited previously.
Various authorities cite a lack of animal source foods as causal in these conditions.
2/4 And yet, even with this OVERESTIMATE, accounting emissions for the amount of foods needed to provide essential nutrients dramatically shifts the narrative. Now divide the beef or milk by 3... @TyRBeal
3a & 3b/4 And the land footprint and water use shifts when the essential utilizable nutrients being supplied are considered. Metrics Matter!
Where is the carbon in grasslands ("The upside-down forest").
An example of the distribution of carbon (C) stocks in the semiarid, shortgrass steppe ecosystems to 1 meter depth. 1/4
2/4 Values are in kilograms per hectare, values in parentheses are turnover times of component pools.
94% below-ground
<15% below-ground C is “active"
Sanderson et al. 2020. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. jswconline.org/content/75/1/5A
3/4 It's critical to keep the grasslands intact, the single most important action in maintaining long-term C status.
Large amounts of soil C are lost quickly when grasslands are severely degraded or converted to other uses (e.g., to cultivation)
Sanderson et al. 2020
Thread on #lysine#upcycling#ruminants 1/9 Only 4% of the feed consumed by the global domestic ruminant herd is *potentially* human-utilizable. The upcycling of the other 96% into resources that are essential to modern (& future) societies is under-appreciated.
2/9 Note:
- The grain fed represents only 10% of the global cereal production.
- 1/4 of the grain fed is off-grade & not human edible.
Source for this & previous slide.
Mottet, et al., (2018) cambridge.org/core/journals/…
3/9 In the US, only 11% of the lifetime feed consumed by a commercial fed steer is *potentially* human-utilizable.
Rotz, et al., (2019) sciencedirect.com/science/articl…