2/Older pt w/lower extremity numbness. MRI showed intradural, extra-axial rounded lesions in the lower thoracic region that avidly enhanced on post-contrast imaging—like gang busters enhancement
3/On the T2 weighted images, the lesions showed a very distinct donut-like appearance, with a very dark, almost black rim and a bright center.
4/On contrast imaging, the donuts were connected as twisty, tubular structures—my fellow said they looked like crinkle fries! (and yes, I know McDonald’s doesn’t serve crinkle fries as illustrated, but it’s just an illustration—there aren’t fries in the spine either 😉)
5/Tubular sounds like a vessel! And these did empty out into the neural foramina. But the spinal angio was negative for a vascular lesion (not all images shown—normal studies don’t make for good twitter images)
6/These are intradural varices! B/c of slow flow, they may not fill on angiography & lose their flow void centrally—causing a“donut sign.” Etiology is unclear, but likely acquired
So the next time you see donuts & fries in the spine—you can be sure you've got the right diagnosis
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Circle of Willis anatomy is king, while the vascular anatomy of the blood supply to the dura is the poor, wicked step child of vascular anatomy that is often forgotten
@TheAJNR 3/But dural vascular anatomy & supply are important, especially now that MMA embolizations are commonly for chronic recurrent subdurals.
It is also important for dural arteriovenous fistulas.
1/I always say you can tell a bad read on a spine MR if it doesn’t talk about lateral recesses.
What will I think when I see your read? Do you rate lateral recess stenosis?
Here’s a thread on lateral recess anatomy & a grading system for lateral recess stenosis
2/First anatomy.
Thecal sac is like a highway, carrying the nerve roots down the lumbar spine.
Lateral recess is part of the lateral lumbar canal, which is essentially the exit for spinal nerve roots to get off the thecal sac highway & head out into the rest of the body
3/Exits have 3 main parts.
First is the deceleration lane, where the car slows down as it starts the process of exiting.
Then there is the off ramp itself, and this leads into the service road which takes the car to the roads that it needs to get to its destination
1/Do radiologists sound like they are speaking a different language when they talk about MRI?
T1 shortening what? T2 prolongation who?
Here’s a translation w/an introductory thread to MRI.
2/Let’s start w/T1—it is #1 after all! T1 is for anatomy
Since it’s anatomic, brain structures will reflect the same color as real life
So gray matter is gray on T1 & white matter is white on T1
So if you see an image where gray is gray & white is white—you know it’s a T1
3/T1 is also for contrast
Contrast material helps us to see masses
Contrast can’t get into normal brain & spine bc of the blood brain barrier—but masses don’t have a blood brain barrier, so when you give contrast, masses will take it up & light up, making them easier to see.